Narada Purana — Purva Bhaga, Shloka 84

Janaka’s Quest for Liberation; Pañcaśikha’s Sāṅkhya on Renunciation, Elements, Guṇas, and the Deathless State

Devanagari script

तथा ह्यसौ दुःखसौख्ये विहाय मुक्तः परार्द्ध्या गतिमेत्यलिंगः ॥ ८४ ॥

Transliteration

tathā hyasau duḥkhasaukhye vihāya muktaḥ parārddhyā gatimetyaliṃgaḥ || 84 ||

Translation

Ainsi donc, abandonnant à la fois la peine et la joie, le libéré — sans marque ni attachement — atteint l’état suprême, transcendant.

Word by Word

• तथा: thus
• तथा: Sambandha (सम्बन्ध/Adverbial)
• Type: Indeclinable
• Root: तथा (अव्यय)
• Form: प्रकार-अव्यय

• हि: indeed
• हि: Sambandha (सम्बन्ध/Particle)
• Type: Indeclinable
• Root: हि (अव्यय)
• Form: निपात (emphatic particle)

• असौ: that one (he)
• असौ: Karta (कर्ता/Subject)
• Type: Noun
• Root: असद्/अदस् (सर्वनाम-प्रातिपदिक)
• Form: पुंलिङ्ग, प्रथमा, एकवचन; सर्वनाम (pronoun)

• दुःख-सौख्ये: sorrow and happiness
• दुःख-सौख्ये: Karma (कर्म/Object)
• Type: Noun
• Root: दुःख (प्रातिपदिक) + सौख्य (प्रातिपदिक)
• Form: नपुंसकलिङ्ग, द्वितीया, द्विवचन; इतरेतर-द्वन्द्व (copulative): ‘दुःखं च सौख्यं च’

• विहाय: having abandoned
• विहाय: Purvakala (पूर्वकाल/Preceding action)
• Type: Verb
• Root: वि-हा (धातु)
• Form: क्त्वान्त (absolutive/gerund), अव्ययभाव

• मुक्तः: freed
• मुक्तः: Karta (कर्ता/Subject)
• Type: Adjective
• Root: मुच् (धातु) > मुक्त (कृदन्त-प्रातिपदिक)
• Form: भूतकृत् (past participle), पुंलिङ्ग, प्रथमा, एकवचन

• परार्द्ध्या: by the supreme excellence/wealth
• परार्द्ध्या: Karana (करण/Instrument)
• Type: Noun
• Root: परार्ध्य (प्रातिपदिक)
• Form: स्त्रीलिङ्ग, तृतीया, एकवचन; साधन/हेतु-भाव (instrumental of means)

• गतिम्: state/goal; course
• गतिम्: Karma (कर्म/Object)
• Type: Noun
• Root: गति (प्रातिपदिक)
• Form: स्त्रीलिङ्ग, द्वितीया, एकवचन

• एत्य: having attained
• एत्य: Purvakala (पूर्वकाल/Preceding action)
• Type: Verb
• Root: इ (धातु)
• Form: क्त्वान्त (absolutive/gerund) in -य (एत्य), अव्ययभाव; ‘having gone/attained’

• अलिङ्गः: without mark/sign; attributeless
• अलिङ्गः: Karta (कर्ता/Subject)
• Type: Adjective
• Root: अ-लिङ्ग (प्रातिपदिक)
• Form: पुंलिङ्ग, प्रथमा, एकवचन; नञ्-समास; विशेषण to the subject

Speaker

Sanatkumara (teaching Narada on Moksha-dharma)

Vrata Kalpa

Vrata: none

Verse Rasa

Primary Rasa: shanta

Secondary Rasa: none

FAQs

What is the spiritual significance of this verse in Narada Purana?

It defines liberation as rising beyond the pair of opposites (pleasure and pain) and attaining the highest state without worldly identifiers or limiting adjuncts (upādhis).

How does this verse explain the path of devotion (Bhakti)?

While framed in moksha-language, it supports mature bhakti by pointing to equanimity: devotion ripens when one is no longer driven by seeking pleasure or fleeing pain, but rests in the Supreme alone.

What practical Vedic knowledge (Vedanga) is highlighted here?

No specific Vedanga (like Vyākaraṇa or Jyotiṣa) is taught here; the practical takeaway is sādhana-oriented—cultivating vairāgya and samatva (equanimity) as a discipline supporting moksha.