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Narada Purana — Purva Bhaga, Shloka 39

The Explanation of the Twelve-Month Caturthī Vrata

सिंहः प्रसेनममधीत्सिंहो जांबवता हतः । सकुमारक मा रोदीस्तव ह्येष स्यमंतकः ॥ ३९ ॥

siṃhaḥ prasenamamadhītsiṃho jāṃbavatā hataḥ | sakumāraka mā rodīstava hyeṣa syamaṃtakaḥ || 39 ||

Un lion dévora Prasena, et ce lion fut abattu par Jāmbavān. Ô enfant, ne pleure pas : ce joyau Syamantaka est bel et bien à toi.

सिंहःa lion
सिंहः:
Karta (कर्ता)
TypeNoun
Rootसिंह (प्रातिपदिक)
Formपुंलिङ्ग (Masculine), प्रथमा-विभक्ति (Nominative/1st), एकवचन (Singular)
प्रसेनम्Prasena
प्रसेनम्:
Karma (कर्म)
TypeNoun
Rootप्रसेन (प्रातिपदिक)
Formपुंलिङ्ग (Masculine), द्वितीया-विभक्ति (Accusative/2nd), एकवचन (Singular)
अमधीत्seized/attacked (lit. 'overpowered')
अमधीत्:
Kriyā (क्रिया)
TypeVerb
Rootअधि+इ (धातु)
Formलुङ् (Aorist), प्रथमपुरुष (3rd person), एकवचन (Singular), परस्मैपद (Parasmaipada)
सिंहःthe lion
सिंहः:
Karta (कर्ता)
TypeNoun
Rootसिंह (प्रातिपदिक)
Formपुंलिङ्ग (Masculine), प्रथमा-विभक्ति (Nominative/1st), एकवचन (Singular)
जाम्बवताby Jāmbavān
जाम्बवता:
Karta (कर्ता)
TypeNoun
Rootजाम्बवत् (प्रातिपदिक)
Formपुंलिङ्ग (Masculine), तृतीया-विभक्ति (Instrumental/3rd), एकवचन (Singular)
हतःwas slain
हतः:
Kriyā (क्रिया)
TypeVerb
Rootहन् (धातु) → हत (कृदन्त)
Formक्त-प्रत्यय (Past passive participle), पुंलिङ्ग (Masculine), प्रथमा-विभक्ति (Nominative/1st), एकवचन (Singular)
स-कुमारकO young one / O child
स-कुमारक:
Sambodhana (सम्बोधन)
TypeNoun
Rootस (अव्यय) + कुमारक (प्रातिपदिक)
Formपुंलिङ्ग (Masculine), सम्बोधन-विभक्ति (Vocative), एकवचन (Singular); सह-तत्पुरुषः ('with/along with' used as address: 'O (you) with the child' / 'O young one')
माdo not
मा:
Pratiṣedha (प्रतिषेध)
TypeIndeclinable
Rootमा (अव्यय)
Formनिषेध-अव्यय (prohibitive particle used with imperative)
रोदीःcry
रोदीः:
Kriyā (क्रिया)
TypeVerb
Rootरुद् (धातु)
Formलोट् (Imperative), मध्यमपुरुष (2nd person), एकवचन (Singular), परस्मैपद (Parasmaipada)
तवyour
तव:
Sambandha (सम्बन्ध/Genitive)
TypeNoun
Rootयुष्मद् (सर्वनाम-प्रातिपदिक)
Formषष्ठी-विभक्ति (Genitive/6th), एकवचन (Singular)
हिindeed/for
हि:
Sambandha (सम्बन्ध/connector)
TypeIndeclinable
Rootहि (अव्यय)
Formअवधारण/हेतु-अव्यय (emphatic/causal particle)
एषःthis
एषः:
Karta (कर्ता)
TypeNoun
Rootएतद् (सर्वनाम-प्रातिपदिक)
Formपुंलिङ्ग (Masculine), प्रथमा-विभक्ति (Nominative/1st), एकवचन (Singular)
स्यमन्तकःSyamantaka (jewel)
स्यमन्तकः:
Pradhāna-nāma (प्रधान/सम्बन्ध)
TypeNoun
Rootस्यमन्तक (प्रातिपदिक)
Formपुंलिङ्ग (Masculine), प्रथमा-विभक्ति (Nominative/1st), एकवचन (Singular)

Narrator (Purāṇic summary voice, within the Narada–Sanatkumara dialogue frame)

Vrata: none

Primary Rasa: karuna

Secondary Rasa: shanta

P
Prasena
J
Jāmbavān
S
Syamantaka

FAQs

It highlights how truth about events (Prasena’s death and the jewel’s recovery) resolves grief and suspicion—Dharma is upheld when facts are clarified and rightful ownership is restored.

Indirectly, it supports Bhakti by portraying the Lord’s narrative world where disorder is corrected; devotees draw śraddhā from such accounts that Dharma is protected and suffering is not the final word.

No direct Vedāṅga instruction appears in this verse; it functions as Itihāsa-Purāṇa style narration used for Dharma-upadeśa rather than technical teaching (e.g., Vyākaraṇa or Jyotiṣa).