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Shloka 18

Vipulopākhyāna—Ruci-rakṣā and Śakra’s Māyā (विपुलोपाख्यानम्—रुचिरक्षणं शक्रमाया च)

विशुद्धेन सुविनीतेन कर्मणा । एवं गृहस्थ: कर्माणि कुर्वन्‌ धर्मान्न हीयते

bhīṣma uvāca | viśuddhena suvinītena karmaṇā | evaṃ gṛhasthaḥ karmāṇi kurvan dharmān na hīyate | yo yajña-yāgādibhiḥ kṛtvā devatā-ṛṇāt, vedānāṃ svādhyāyena ṛṣi-ṛṇāt, śreṣṭha-putrasya utpādanena tathā śrāddhena pitṛ-ṛṇāt, dānena brāhmaṇa-ṛṇāt, ātithya-satkāreṇa atithi-ṛṇāt ca mucyate; tathā kramaśaḥ viśuddha-vinaya-yukta-prayatnena śāstroktān karmāṇām anuṣṭhānaṃ karoti—sa gṛhasthaḥ kadācit dharmāt na bhraśyati |

Bhīṣma dit : «Par des actes purs et disciplinés, le maître de maison (gṛhastha) qui accomplit ses devoirs ne déchoit pas du dharma. En leur juste ordre, il se libère des dettes : envers les dieux par les sacrifices et le culte ; envers les ṛṣi par l’étude védique (svādhyāya) ; envers les ancêtres en engendrant un fils digne et en offrant les rites de śrāddha ; envers les brāhmaṇa par le don ; et envers les hôtes en les honorant par l’hospitalité. En accomplissant les actes prescrits par les śāstra avec une pureté et une humilité toujours croissantes, un tel maître de maison ne s’écarte jamais de la droiture.»

विशुद्धेनby/with purified
विशुद्धेन:
Karana
TypeAdjective
Rootविशुद्ध
FormNeuter, Instrumental, Singular
सुविनीतेनby/with well-disciplined (well-trained)
सुविनीतेन:
Karana
TypeAdjective
Rootसुविनीत
FormNeuter, Instrumental, Singular
कर्मणाby action/deed
कर्मणा:
Karana
TypeNoun
Rootकर्मन्
FormNeuter, Instrumental, Singular
एवंthus/in this manner
एवं:
TypeIndeclinable
Rootएवं
गृहस्थःthe householder
गृहस्थः:
Karta
TypeNoun
Rootगृहस्थ
FormMasculine, Nominative, Singular
कर्माणिactions/rites
कर्माणि:
Karma
TypeNoun
Rootकर्मन्
FormNeuter, Accusative, Plural
कुर्वन्doing/performing
कुर्वन्:
Karta
TypeVerb
Rootकृ
Formशतृ (present active participle), Masculine, Nominative, Singular
धर्मात्from dharma/righteousness
धर्मात्:
Apadana
TypeNoun
Rootधर्म
FormMasculine, Ablative, Singular
not
:
TypeIndeclinable
Root
हीयतेdeclines/falls away (is diminished)
हीयते:
TypeVerb
Rootहा
FormLat (Present), Atmanepada, Third, Singular, Passive/mediopassive sense

भीष्म उवाच

B
Bhishma
G
gṛhastha (householder)
D
devatāḥ (gods)
ṛṣayaḥ (seers)
P
pitaraḥ (ancestors)
B
brāhmaṇāḥ (Brahmins)
A
atithayaḥ (guests)
V
Veda
Y
yajña
Ś
śrāddha

Educational Q&A

A householder remains established in dharma by performing scripturally prescribed duties with purity and humility, thereby repaying the key obligations (ṛṇas) to gods, seers, ancestors, Brahmins, and guests through sacrifice, study, progeny and śrāddha, charity, and hospitality.

In Bhishma’s instruction on conduct (Anuśāsana), he explains to the listener the ethical-religious framework of gṛhastha life: disciplined performance of rites and social duties frees one from various obligations and prevents moral decline.