Shloka 48
Rāma’s Inquiry into the Hidden Identity of the Radiant Stranger
Dialogue Frame
Devanagari script
युद्धे पराजिता देवाः सकला वासवादयः / शङ्करं शरणं चग्मुर्हतैश्वर्या ह्यरातिभिः
Transliteration
yuddhe parājitā devāḥ sakalā vāsavādayaḥ / śaṅkaraṃ śaraṇaṃ cagmurhataiśvaryā hyarātibhiḥ
Translation
Vaincus dans la guerre, tous les dieux —Indra et les autres—, privés de leur puissance par les ennemis, allèrent chercher refuge auprès de Śaṅkara.
Word by Word
yuddhein battle
yuddhe:
Adhikaraṇa (अधिकरण)
TypeNoun
Rootyuddha (प्रातिपदिक)
Formनपुंसकलिङ्ग, सप्तमी (7th/Locative), एकवचन
parājitāḥdefeated
parājitāḥ:
Viśeṣaṇa (विशेषण)
TypeAdjective
Rootparā + ji (धातु)
Formक्त (past passive participle), पुंलिङ्ग, प्रथमा (1st/Nominative), बहुवचन; विशेषण (devāḥ)
devāḥthe gods
devāḥ:
Karta (कर्ता)
TypeNoun
Rootdeva (प्रातिपदिक)
Formपुंलिङ्ग, प्रथमा (1st/Nominative), बहुवचन
sakalāḥall/entire
sakalāḥ:
Viśeṣaṇa (विशेषण)
TypeAdjective
Rootsakala (प्रातिपदिक)
Formपुंलिङ्ग, प्रथमा (1st/Nominative), बहुवचन; विशेषण (devāḥ)
vāsava-ādayaḥIndra and the others
vāsava-ādayaḥ:
Apposition (समानााधिकरण)
TypeNoun
Rootvāsava + ādi (प्रातिपदिक)
Formपुंलिङ्ग, प्रथमा (1st/Nominative), बहुवचन; तत्पुरुष (vāsavaḥ ādiḥ yeṣām) = ‘Indra and others’ (ādayaḥ as group marker)
śaṅkaramŚaṅkara (Śiva)
śaṅkaram:
Karma (कर्म)
TypeNoun
Rootśaṅkara (प्रातिपदिक)
Formपुंलिङ्ग, द्वितीया (2nd/Accusative), एकवचन
śaraṇamrefuge
śaraṇam:
Gati/Karma (गति/कर्म)
TypeNoun
Rootśaraṇa (प्रातिपदik)
Formनपुंसकलिङ्ग, द्वितीया (2nd/Accusative), एकवचन; द्वितीया-प्रयोगः (as goal: refuge)
cagmuḥwent/approached
cagmuḥ:
Kriyā (क्रिया)
TypeVerb
Rootgam (धातु)
Formलिट् (Perfect), प्रथमपुरुष (3rd person), बहुवचन; परस्मैपद
hata-aiśvaryāḥwhose sovereignty was destroyed
hata-aiśvaryāḥ:
Viśeṣaṇa (विशेषण)
TypeAdjective
Roothata + aiśvarya (प्रातिपदिक)
Formक्त (PPP) ‘hata’, पुंलिङ्ग, प्रथमा (1st/Nominative), बहुवचन; कर्मधारय (hataṃ aiśvaryaṃ yeṣām)
hiindeed/for
hi:
Sambandha (निपात)
TypeIndeclinable
Roothi (अव्यय)
Formनिपात (causal/emphatic particle: indeed/for)
arātibhiḥby enemies
arātibhiḥ:
Karaṇa/Hetu (करण/हेतु)
TypeNoun
Rootarāti (प्रातिपदिक)
Formपुंलिङ्ग, तृतीया (3rd/Instrumental), बहुवचन