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Shloka 19

उनमेंसे चार सौ वीर महारथी यत्नपूर्वक लड़ते रहे, जिन्हें अर्जुनने अपने पैने बाणोंसे यमलोक पहुँचा दिया ।।

te vadhyamānāḥ samare nānāliṅgaiḥ śitaiḥ śaraiḥ | arjunaṃ samabhityajya dudruvuḥ diśo daśa ||

Dijo Sañjaya: Abatidos en pleno fragor por las flechas de Arjuna, afiladas como navajas y marcadas con diversos emblemas, aquellos guerreros—incapaces de resistir el embate—abandonaron el frente ante Arjuna y huyeron en las diez direcciones. La escena subraya el peso moral de la guerra: el valor se derrumba ante una destreza abrumadora y el destino, y el campo de batalla prueba no sólo las armas, sino la firmeza y el deber.

तेthey (those)
ते:
Karta
TypePronoun
Rootतद्
FormMasculine, Nominative, Plural
वध्यमानाःbeing slain/being struck down
वध्यमानाः:
Karta
TypeAdjective
Rootवध्यमान (√वध्)
FormMasculine, Nominative, Plural
समरेin battle
समरे:
Adhikarana
TypeNoun
Rootसमर
FormMasculine, Locative, Singular
नानाvarious
नाना:
TypeIndeclinable
Rootनाना
लिङ्गैःwith marks/signs
लिङ्गैः:
Karana
TypeNoun
Rootलिङ्ग
FormNeuter, Instrumental, Plural
शितैःsharp
शितैः:
Karana
TypeAdjective
Rootशित
FormMasculine, Instrumental, Plural
शरैःwith arrows
शरैः:
Karana
TypeNoun
Rootशर
FormMasculine, Instrumental, Plural
अर्जुनम्Arjuna
अर्जुनम्:
Karma
TypeNoun
Rootअर्जुन
FormMasculine, Accusative, Singular
समभित्यज्यhaving abandoned/left
समभित्यज्य:
TypeIndeclinable
Rootसम्-अभि-त्यज्य (√त्यज्)
FormGerund (Absolutive)
दुद्रुवुःthey fled/ran
दुद्रुवुः:
TypeVerb
Rootदुद्रुव् (√द्रु)
FormPerfect, 3rd, Plural, Parasmaipada
दिशःdirections
दिशः:
Karma
TypeNoun
Rootदिश्
FormFeminine, Accusative, Plural
दशten
दश:
Karma
TypeNumeral
Rootदशन्
FormFeminine, Accusative, Plural

संजय उवाच

S
Sañjaya
A
Arjuna
A
arrows (śara)
T
ten directions (daśa diśaḥ)
B
battlefield (samara)

Educational Q&A

The verse highlights how, in war, courage is tested by overwhelming force and skill; when duty and resolve fail, even great fighters may abandon the fight. It implicitly contrasts steadfastness in kṣatriya-dharma with panic-driven flight.

Sañjaya reports that warriors, struck by Arjuna’s sharp, emblem-marked arrows, could not endure the assault; they left Arjuna’s vicinity and scattered, fleeing in all ten directions.