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Shloka 18

तेषां चतुःशतान्‌ वीरान्‌ यतमानान्‌ महारथान्‌ । अर्जुनो निशितैर्बाणैरनयद्‌ यमसादनम्‌

teṣāṁ catuḥśatān vīrān yatamānān mahārathān | arjuno niśitair bāṇair anayad yamasādanam ||

Dijo Sañjaya: Mientras aquellos cuatrocientos héroes, grandes guerreros de carro, se afanaban en la batalla, Arjuna, con sus flechas afiladas como navajas, los envió a la morada de Yama—imagen de la inexorable gravedad moral de la guerra, donde la destreza y la resolución se encuentran, aun así, con la consecuencia inevitable de la muerte.

तेषाम्of them
तेषाम्:
Adhikarana
TypePronoun
Rootतद्
Formmasculine/neuter, genitive, plural
चतुःशतान्four hundred
चतुःशतान्:
Karma
TypeNoun
Rootचतुःशत
Formmasculine, accusative, plural
वीरान्heroes/warriors
वीरान्:
Karma
TypeNoun
Rootवीर
Formmasculine, accusative, plural
यतमानान्striving/endeavouring
यतमानान्:
Karma
TypeAdjective
Rootयतमान
Formmasculine, accusative, plural, शतृ/शानच् (present active participle), यत् (यतते)
महारथान्great chariot-warriors
महारथान्:
Karma
TypeNoun
Rootमहारथ
Formmasculine, accusative, plural
अर्जुनःArjuna
अर्जुनः:
Karta
TypeNoun
Rootअर्जुन
Formmasculine, nominative, singular
निशितैःwith sharp
निशितैः:
Karana
TypeAdjective
Rootनिशित
Formmasculine/neuter, instrumental, plural, क्त (past passive participle), निश् + शी (to sharpen)
बाणैःarrows
बाणैः:
Karana
TypeNoun
Rootबाण
Formmasculine, instrumental, plural
अनयत्led/sent
अनयत्:
TypeVerb
Rootनी (नयति) उपसर्ग: अनु-
Formimperfect (लङ्), third, singular, parasmaipada
यमसादनम्to Yama's abode (death)
यमसादनम्:
Karma
TypeNoun
Rootयमसादन
Formneuter, accusative, singular

संजय उवाच

संजय (Sañjaya)
अर्जुन (Arjuna)
यम (Yama)
महāratha (great chariot-warriors)
बाण (arrows)
यमसादन (Yama’s abode)

Educational Q&A

The verse underscores the inexorable consequence of war: even the most capable and determined warriors are subject to death. It implicitly reflects kṣatriya-dharma’s harsh arena—valor and effort do not nullify mortality, and actions in battle carry grave ethical weight.

Sañjaya reports that Arjuna, using sharp arrows, slew (sent to Yama’s abode) four hundred great chariot-warriors who were actively striving in combat, highlighting Arjuna’s overwhelming martial effectiveness in this phase of the Kurukṣetra war.