Shloka 39

स्वाध्याय-योगोपदेशः तथा केशिध्वज-खाण्डिक्य-उपाख्यानम्

Yoga through Study and Restraint; The Keśidhvaja–Khāṇḍikya Narrative Frame

Devanagari script

स जगाम ततो भूयो रथम् आरुह्य पार्थिवः मैत्रेय दुर्गगहनं खाण्डिक्यो यत्र संस्थितः

Transliteration

sa jagāma tato bhūyo ratham āruhya pārthivaḥ maitreya durgagahanaṃ khāṇḍikyo yatra saṃsthitaḥ

Translation

Then, O Maitreya, the king once more mounted his chariot and set out toward that dense, formidable wilderness where Khāṇḍikya was stationed.

Word by Word

• सः: he
• सः: Karta (Subject/कर्ता)
• Type: Noun
• Root: तद् (सर्वनाम-प्रातिपदिक)
• Form: पुंलिङ्ग, प्रथमा-विभक्ति (Nominative/1st), एकवचन (Singular)

• जगाम: went
• जगाम: Kriya (Action/क्रिया)
• Type: Verb
• Root: गम् (धातु)
• Form: लिट्-लकार (Perfect), प्रथम-पुरुष (3rd person), एकवचन (Singular)

• ततः: then; from there
• ततः: Adhikarana (Context/अधिकरण)
• Type: Indeclinable
• Root: ततः (अव्यय-प्रातिपदिक)
• Form: अव्यय; क्रियाविशेषण (adverb)

• भूयः: again; further
• भूयः: Kriya-visheshana (Adverbial modifier)
• Type: Indeclinable
• Root: भूयस् (अव्यय-प्रातिपदिक)
• Form: अव्यय; क्रियाविशेषण (adverb)

• रथम्: chariot
• रथम्: Karma (Object/कर्म)
• Type: Noun
• Root: रथ (प्रातिपदिक)
• Form: पुंलिङ्ग, द्वितीया-विभक्ति (Accusative/2nd), एकवचन (Singular)

• आरुह्य: having mounted
• आरुह्य: Purvakala-kriya (Prior action)
• Type: Verb
• Root: आ-रुह् (धातु)
• Form: क्त्वान्त-अव्यय (Gerund/Absolutive), पूर्वकाले (having done)

• पार्थिवः: the king
• पार्थिवः: Karta (Subject/कर्ता)
• Type: Noun
• Root: पार्थिव (प्रातिपदिक)
• Form: पुंलिङ्ग, प्रथमा-विभक्ति (Nominative/1st), एकवचन (Singular)

• मैत्रेय: O Maitreya
• मैत्रेय: Sambodhana (Address)
• Type: Noun
• Root: मैत्रेय (प्रातिपदिक)
• Form: पुंलिङ्ग, सम्बोधन-विभक्ति (Vocative), एकवचन (Singular)

• दुर्गगहनम्: a difficult, dense (place); an impassable thicket
• दुर्गगहनम्: Karma (Object/कर्म)
• Type: Noun
• Root: दुर्ग + गहन (प्रातिपदिक)
• Form: नपुंसकलिङ्ग, द्वितीया-विभक्ति (Accusative/2nd), एकवचन (Singular)

• खाण्डिक्यः: Khāṇḍikya
• खाण्डिक्यः: Adhikarana (Locative sense via relative clause)
• Type: Noun
• Root: खाण्डिक्य (प्रातिपदिक)
• Form: पुंलिङ्ग, प्रथमा-विभक्ति (Nominative/1st), एकवचन (Singular)

• यत्र: where
• यत्र: Adhikarana (Location/अधिकरण)
• Type: Indeclinable
• Root: यत्र (अव्यय-प्रातिपदिक)
• Form: अव्यय; सम्बन्धबोधक-क्रियाविशेषण (relative adverb: where)

• संस्थितः: was stationed; stood
• संस्थितः: Kriya (State/क्रिया)
• Type: Verb
• Root: सम्-स्था (धातु)
• Form: क्त-प्रत्ययान्त (Past passive participle), पुंलिङ्ग, प्रथमा-विभक्ति, एकवचन

Speaker

Sage Parāśara (narrating to Maitreya)

Parashara-Maitreya Dialogue

Speaker: Parasara

Teaching: Historical

Quality: authoritative

Characters & Entities

• Maitreya
• King (Pārthiva)
• Khāṇḍikya

FAQs

What is the significance of the king entering a durgagahana (dense and dangerous wilderness) in the Vishnu Purana?

It highlights the royal resolve to pursue duty even into perilous, uncivilized spaces—an emblem of dharma extending beyond comfort and safety.

How does Sage Parāśara explain the dynastic narrative structure to Maitreya here?

Parāśara continues a sequential, action-based chronicle—moving the story forward through clear transitions (“then… again… having mounted the chariot”), typical of Vaṃśānucarita passages.

What is the theological importance of Lord Vishnu in this context?

Even when Vishnu is not named in a given verse, the dynastic history is framed as unfolding under cosmic order sustained by Vishnu—kingship and fate operate within that larger sovereign reality.