Shloka 30

कालियदमना: यमुनाशुद्धिः, करुणा-निग्रहः, स्तुति-तत्त्वम्

Devanagari script

उत्फुल्लपङ्कजदलस्पष्टकान्तिविलोचनम् अपश्यन्तो हरिं दीनाः कथं गोष्ठे भविष्यथ

Transliteration

utphullapaṅkajadalaspaṣṭakāntivilocanam apaśyanto hariṃ dīnāḥ kathaṃ goṣṭhe bhaviṣyatha

Translation

Without beholding Hari—whose eyes shine with the clear radiance of fully blossomed lotus petals—how can you, left wretched by that absence, remain in the cowherd settlement?

Word by Word

• utphulla: fully blossomed
• utphulla: Viśeṣaṇa (Qualifier/विशेषण)
• Type: Adjective
• Root: ut-phulla (प्रातिपदिक; उत् + फुल्ल)
• Form: नपुंसकलिङ्ग (समासान्त-विशेषणरूपेण), प्रथमा/द्वितीया-एकवचन (Nom./Acc. sg. as compound member)

• paṅkaja: lotus
• paṅkaja: Viśeṣaṇa (Qualifier/विशेषण)
• Type: Noun
• Root: paṅka-ja (प्रातिपदिक; पङ्क + ज)
• Form: नपुंसकलिङ्ग (compound member), प्रथमा/द्वितीया-एकवचन

• dala: petal
• dala: Viśeṣaṇa (Qualifier/विशेषण)
• Type: Noun
• Root: dala (प्रातिपदिक)
• Form: नपुंसकलिङ्ग (compound member), प्रथमा/द्वितीया-एकवचन

• spaṣṭa: clear, distinct
• spaṣṭa: Viśeṣaṇa (Qualifier/विशेषण)
• Type: Adjective
• Root: spaṣṭa (प्रातिपदिक)
• Form: नपुंसकलिङ्ग (compound member), प्रथमा/द्वितीया-एकवचन

• kānti: splendour, radiance
• kānti: Viśeṣaṇa (Qualifier/विशेषण)
• Type: Noun
• Root: kānti (प्रातिपदिक)
• Form: स्त्रीलिङ्ग (compound member), प्रथमा/द्वितीया-एकवचन

• vilocanam: eyes (having) clear radiance like blossomed lotus petals
• vilocanam: Karma (Object/कर्म)
• Type: Noun
• Root: vi-locana (प्रातिपदिक; वि + लोचन)
• Form: नपुंसकलिङ्ग, द्वितीया-विभक्ति (Accusative/2nd), एकवचन (Singular); समासः: utphulla-paṅkaja-dala-spaṣṭa-kānti-vilocanam (बहुपद-तत्पुरुष/कर्मधारय-प्रायः)

• apaśyantaḥ: not seeing / while not seeing
• apaśyantaḥ: Karta (Subject/कर्ता)
• Type: Adjective
• Root: a-paśyat (पश्य्-धातु से शतृ; कृदन्त)
• Form: वर्तमानकृदन्त (present active participle, शतृ), पुंलिङ्ग, प्रथमा-विभक्ति, बहुवचन; नकारार्थे (with implied negation by context: 'not seeing')

• harim: Hari (Viṣṇu/Kṛṣṇa)
• harim: Karma (Object/कर्म)
• Type: Noun
• Root: hari (प्रातिपदिक)
• Form: पुंलिङ्ग, द्वितीया-विभक्ति (Accusative/2nd), एकवचन (Singular)

• dīnāḥ: wretched, distressed
• dīnāḥ: Karta (Subject/कर्ता)
• Type: Adjective
• Root: dīna (प्रातिपदिक)
• Form: पुंलिङ्ग, प्रथमा-विभक्ति (Nominative/1st), बहुवचन (Plural)

• katham: how?
• katham: Prashna (Interrogative/प्रश्न)
• Type: Indeclinable
• Root: katham (अव्यय)
• Form: अव्यय; प्रश्नार्थक-क्रियाविशेषण (interrogative adverb: 'how?')

• goṣṭhe: in the cowherd settlement
• goṣṭhe: Adhikaraṇa (Location/अधिकरण)
• Type: Noun
• Root: goṣṭha (प्रातिपदिक)
• Form: पुंलिङ्ग, सप्तमी-विभक्ति (Locative/7th), एकवचन (Singular)

• bhaviṣyatha: will you be / will you remain
• bhaviṣyatha: Kriyā (Action/क्रिया)
• Type: Verb
• Root: bhū (भू) (धातु)
• Form: लृट्-लकार (Simple Future), मध्यमपुरुष (2nd person), बहुवचन (Plural); परस्मैपद

Speaker

Gopis (cowherd women of Vraja), speaking in lamentation during separation from Krishna (Hari)

Avatara Context

Avatara: Krishna

Purpose: To draw the hearts of Vraja by His beauty and to protect them, making His darśana the very condition of their life.

Leela: Loka-rakshana

Dharma Restored: Sustaining the devotees through darśana (vision) and presence, the lifeline of Vraja’s dharma.

Philosophical Teaching

Concept: Darśana of the Lord is not ornament but sustenance; separation from Hari is experienced as existential poverty (dīnatā).

Vedantic Theme: Moksha

Application: Cultivate daily ‘darśana’ through japa, scripture-vision, and temple worship; notice how attention to God re-centers the mind.

Vishishtadvaita: Bhagavān’s auspicious form (divya-maṅgala-vigraha) is a real mode of grace; the Lord is accessible through form and relationship, not an impersonal abstraction.

Vaishnava Theology

Vishnu Form: Hari

Bhakti Type: Madhurya

Characters & Entities

• Vishnu
• Krishna
• Gokula (Goshta/Vraja)

FAQs

What is the significance of Krishna being described as lotus-eyed in the Vishnu Purana?

The “lotus-eyed” image conveys divine auspiciousness and supreme beauty, marking Hari/Krishna as the transcendent Lord whose very sight sustains devotees’ inner life.

How does the Vishnu Purana portray viraha (separation) devotion in this verse?

It presents separation as spiritually unbearable—life in Gokula itself feels impossible without Hari’s vision—showing longing as an intense form of bhakti centered entirely on the Lord.

What is the theological importance of Lord Vishnu (Hari) in this context?

Hari is depicted as the sustaining Supreme Reality: when His presence is withdrawn, devotees experience existential distress, implying that all joy and stability ultimately depend on Vishnu.