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Shloka 12

कालियदमना: यमुनाशुद्धिः, करुणा-निग्रहः, स्तुति-तत्त्वम्

तेनापि पतता तत्र क्षोभितः स महाह्रदः अत्यर्थं दूरजातांस् तु तान् असिञ्चन् महीरुहान्

tenāpi patatā tatra kṣobhitaḥ sa mahāhradaḥ atyarthaṃ dūrajātāṃs tu tān asiñcan mahīruhān

As he fell there, the great lake was violently churned; its waters, flung far and wide, drenched even the trees standing at a great distance.

तेनby him/thereby
तेन:
Karana (Instrument/करण)
TypeNoun
Rootतद् (सर्वनाम-प्रातिपदिक)
Formपुंलिङ्ग/नपुंसकलिङ्ग, तृतीया (3rd/करण), एकवचन; सर्वनाम
अपिalso, even
अपि:
Sambandha-bodhaka (Particle)
TypeIndeclinable
Rootअपि (अव्यय)
Formअव्यय (समुच्चय/अप्यर्थ particle: also/even)
पतताby (his) falling
पतता:
Karana (Instrumental participial phrase: by (him) falling)
TypeVerb
Rootपत् (धातु)
Formशतृ (वर्तमानकृदन्त/present active participle), तृतीया एकवचन, पुंलिङ्ग; (पतत्)
तत्रthere
तत्र:
Adhikarana (Locative adverbial)
TypeIndeclinable
Rootतत्र (अव्यय)
Formअव्यय (देशवाचक adverb)
क्षोभितःagitated, disturbed
क्षोभितः:
Karta-visheshana (Predicate adjective of 'ह्रदः')
TypeAdjective
Rootक्षोभित (प्रातिपदिक; √क्षुभ्)
Formक्त (past passive participle), पुंलिङ्ग, प्रथमा एकवचन; विशेषणम्
that (lake)
:
Karta (Subject/कर्ता)
TypeNoun
Rootतद् (सर्वनाम-प्रातिपदिक)
Formपुंलिङ्ग, प्रथमा (1st/प्रथमा), एकवचन; सर्वनाम
महाह्रदःthe great lake
महाह्रदः:
Karta (Subject/कर्ता)
TypeNoun
Rootमहा + ह्रद (प्रातिपदिके)
Formपुंलिङ्ग, प्रथमा (1st/प्रथमा), एकवचन; कर्मधारयः (महान् ह्रदः)
अत्यर्थम्excessively, greatly
अत्यर्थम्:
Kriya-visheshaṇa (Degree modifier)
TypeIndeclinable
Rootअत्यर्थम् (अव्यय)
Formअव्यय (परिमाण/तीव्रतावाचक adverb)
दूरजातान्grown far away
दूरजातान्:
Karma-visheshana (Qualifier of 'महीरुहान्')
TypeAdjective
Rootदूर + जात (प्रातिपदिके)
Formपुंलिङ्ग, द्वितीया (2nd/कर्म), बहुवचन; विशेषणम्; तत्पुरुषः (दूरे जाताः)
तुbut, indeed
तु:
Sambandha-bodhaka (Discourse particle)
TypeIndeclinable
Rootतु (अव्यय)
Formअव्यय (विरोध/अन्वय particle: but/indeed)
तान्those
तान्:
Karma (Object/कर्म)
TypeNoun
Rootतद् (सर्वनाम-प्रातिपदिक)
Formपुंलिङ्ग, द्वितीया (2nd/कर्म), बहुवचन; सर्वनाम
असिञ्चन्sprinkled, drenched
असिञ्चन्:
Kriya (Main verb/क्रिया)
TypeVerb
Rootआ-स्यन्द्/सिच् (धातु: सिच्)
Formलङ् (अनद्यतनभूत/Imperfect), प्रथमपुरुष, बहुवचन; परस्मैपद
महीरुहान्trees (earth-growers)
महीरुहान्:
Karma (Object/कर्म)
TypeNoun
Rootमही + रुह (प्रातिपदिके)
Formपुंलिङ्ग, द्वितीया (2nd/कर्म), बहुवचन; तत्पुरुषः (महीम् रुहन्ति)

Sage Parāśara (narrating to Maitreya)

Avatara: Krishna

Purpose: Kṛṣṇa acts to confront Kāliya, whose venom has corrupted the waters, by entering the lake and forcing the hidden danger to surface.

Leela: Loka-rakshana

Dharma Restored: Re-establishing safety and purity in the environment for the protection of Vraja.

Vishnu Form: Krishna

P
Parāśara
M
Maitreya
M
mahāhrada (great lake)
M
mahīruha (trees/vegetation)

FAQs

Here the mahāhrada symbolizes a powerful reservoir within sacred geography whose agitation and overflow becomes a means of distributing life-sustaining water across the landscape.

By describing the lake being disturbed by a falling flow, Parāśara shows how water, once set in motion, reaches even distant trees—an image of ordered distribution and ecological support within cosmic design.

Even when Vishnu is not named directly, the Purana frames such harmonized natural functioning—water sustaining vegetation—as an expression of the Supreme Reality’s governance and sustaining power over the world.