Shloka 59

यादवक्षयः, बलराम-निर्याणम्, कृष्णस्य उपसंहारः (प्रभासे विनाशः)

Devanagari script

इत्य् उक्तो दारुकः कृष्णं प्रणिपत्य पुनः पुनः प्रदक्षिणं च बहुशः कृत्वा प्रायाद् यथोदितम्

Transliteration

ity ukto dārukaḥ kṛṣṇaṃ praṇipatya punaḥ punaḥ pradakṣiṇaṃ ca bahuśaḥ kṛtvā prāyād yathoditam

Translation

Thus instructed, Dāruka repeatedly bowed down to Śrī Kṛṣṇa; and having circumambulated Him many times in reverence, he departed—exactly as he had been directed.

Word by Word

• इति: thus
• इति: Sambandha (Quotation marker/इति)
• Type: Indeclinable
• Root: इति (अव्यय)
• Form: अव्यय (उक्त्यर्थक)

• उक्तः: having been told; addressed
• उक्तः: Visheshana (Qualifier/विशेषण)
• Type: Adjective
• Root: वच् (धातु) + क्त → उक्त (कृदन्त-प्रातिपदिक)
• Form: भूतकृदन्त (क्त), पुंलिङ्ग, प्रथमा (1st), एकवचन; दारुकः इति विशेष्यस्य विशेषणम्

• दारुकः: Dāruka
• दारुकः: Karta (Subject/कर्ता)
• Type: Noun
• Root: दारुक (प्रातिपदिक)
• Form: पुंलिङ्ग, प्रथमा (1st), एकवचन

• कृष्णम्: Kṛṣṇa
• कृष्णम्: Karman (Object/कर्म)
• Type: Noun
• Root: कृष्ण (प्रातिपदिक)
• Form: पुंलिङ्ग, द्वितीया (2nd/कर्म), एकवचन

• प्रणिपत्य: having bowed down
• प्रणिपत्य: Purvakala (Prior action/पूर्वकाल)
• Type: Indeclinable
• Root: प्र-नि-पत् (धातु) + ल्यप् (क्त्वा-सम) → प्रणिपत्य
• Form: ल्यबन्त-अव्यय (पूर्वकालक्रिया)

• पुनः: again
• पुनः: Sambandha (Adverbial/क्रियाविशेषण)
• Type: Indeclinable
• Root: पुनः (अव्यय)
• Form: अव्यय (पुनरावृत्ति/कालवाचक)

• पुनः: again
• पुनः: Sambandha (Adverbial/क्रियाविशेषण)
• Type: Indeclinable
• Root: पुनः (अव्यय)
• Form: अव्यय (पुनरावृत्ति)

• प्रदक्षिणम्: circumambulation
• प्रदक्षिणम्: Karman (Object/manner/कर्म)
• Type: Noun
• Root: प्रदक्षिण (प्रातिपदिक)
• Form: नपुंसकलिङ्ग, द्वितीया (2nd/कर्म), एकवचन; क्रियाविशेषणवत् (accusative of manner)

• च: and
• च: Sambandha (Conjunction/समुच्चय)
• Type: Indeclinable
• Root: च (अव्यय)
• Form: अव्यय (समुच्चय)

• बहुशः: many times
• बहुशः: Sambandha (Adverbial/क्रियाविशेषण)
• Type: Indeclinable
• Root: बहुशः (अव्यय; बहु + शस्)
• Form: अव्यय (प्रकार/प्रमाणवाचक क्रियाविशेषण)

• कृत्वा: having done
• कृत्वा: Purvakala (Prior action/पूर्वकाल)
• Type: Indeclinable
• Root: कृ (धातु) + क्त्वा → कृत्वा
• Form: क्त्वान्त-अव्यय (पूर्वकालक्रिया)

• प्रायात्: departed, went forth
• प्रायात्: Kriya (Action/क्रिया)
• Type: Verb
• Root: प्र-या (धातु)
• Form: लुङ् (अनद्यतनभूत/आorist), प्रथमपुरुष, एकवचन; परस्मैपदम्

• यथोदितम्: as instructed
• यथोदितम्: Sambandha (Adverbial/क्रियाविशेषण)
• Type: Indeclinable
• Root: यथा (अव्यय) + उदित (कृदन्त-प्रातिपदिक)
• Form: अव्ययीभाव-समासः; नपुंसकलिङ्ग, द्वितीया एकवचन रूपेण क्रियाविशेषणम् ‘as said/according to what was stated’

Speaker

Sage Parashara (narrating to Maitreya)

Parashara-Maitreya Dialogue

Speaker: Parasara

Topic: How Dāruka responded to Kṛṣṇa’s command

Teaching: Devotional

Quality: compassionate

Avatara Context

Avatara: Krishna

Purpose: To receive the devoted service of His attendant and set in motion the final instructions that protect His people after His withdrawal.

Leela: Moksha-dana

Dharma Restored: Devotional propriety (praṇāma, pradakṣiṇā) and faithful execution of divine command

Philosophical Teaching

Concept: Praṇāma and pradakṣiṇā embody surrender and loving service; true devotion culminates in obedient action aligned with the Lord’s instruction.

Vedantic Theme: Moksha

Application: Cultivate daily acts of reverence (bowing, circumambulation, remembrance) and follow through on spiritual commitments with integrity.

Vishishtadvaita: Kainkarya (loving service) as the natural expression of the jīva’s dependence on the Lord; bodily acts become vehicles of surrender.

Vaishnava Theology

Vishnu Form: Krishna

Bhakti Type: Dasya

Characters & Entities

• Krishna
• Daruka

FAQs

What is the significance of pradakshina (circumambulation) in the Vishnu Purana?

Here it marks complete reverence and surrender: Dāruka honors Krishna as the supreme center, then acts without deviation from His instruction.

How does Sage Parashara explain obedience to divine command in this context?

By depicting Dāruka’s repeated prostrations and prompt departure, the narration shows that dharma is fulfilled through faithful execution of the Lord’s spoken will.

The theological importance of Lord Vishnu (Krishna) in this context?

Krishna is presented as the sovereign guide of destiny—receiving worship and directing action—implying that time and events unfold under the Supreme Reality’s governance.