Shloka 19

साम्ब-हरणम्, बलदेवस्य रोषः, हस्तिनापुर-आकर्षणम्

Devanagari script

इत्य् उक्त्वा कुरवः सर्वे न मुञ्चामो हरेः सुतम् कृतैकनिश्चयास् तूर्णं विविशुर् गजसाह्वयम्

Transliteration

ity uktvā kuravaḥ sarve na muñcāmo hareḥ sutam kṛtaikaniścayās tūrṇaṃ viviśur gajasāhvayam

Translation

Having spoken thus, all the Kurus—firm in a single settled resolve—declared, “We will not release Hari’s son,” and in haste they entered Gajasāhvaya (Hastināpura).

Word by Word

• इति: thus
• इति: Discourse marker
• Type: Indeclinable
• Root: इति (अव्यय)
• Form: उक्त्यर्थक-निपात (quotative particle)

• उक्त्वा: having said
• उक्त्वा: Purvakala (Prior action)
• Type: Indeclinable
• Root: वच् (धातु) + क्त्वा (अव्यय-कृदन्त)
• Form: क्त्वान्त-अव्यय (absolutive/gerund)

• कुरवः: the Kurus
• कुरवः: Karta (Subject/कर्ता)
• Type: Noun
• Root: कुरु (प्रातिपदिक)
• Form: पुंलिङ्ग, प्रथमा-विभक्ति, बहुवचन

• सर्वे: all
• सर्वे: Modifier (Viśeṣaṇa)
• Type: Adjective
• Root: सर्व (प्रातिपदिक)
• Form: पुंलिङ्ग, प्रथमा-विभक्ति, बहुवचन; विशेषण (कुरवः)

• न: not
• न: Modifier (Particle)
• Type: Indeclinable
• Root: न (अव्यय)
• Form: निषेध-निपात

• मुञ्चामः: we release/let go
• मुञ्चामः: Kriya (Action/क्रिया)
• Type: Verb
• Root: मुच् (धातु)
• Form: लट्-लकार (Present), उत्तमपुरुष, बहुवचन; परस्मैपद

• हरेः: of Hari (Vishnu/Krishna)
• हरेः: Sambandha (Genitive/सम्बन्ध)
• Type: Noun
• Root: हरि (प्रातिपदिक)
• Form: पुंलिङ्ग, षष्ठी-विभक्ति, एकवचन

• सुतम्: son
• सुतम्: Karma (Object/कर्म)
• Type: Noun
• Root: सुत (प्रातिपदिक)
• Form: पुंलिङ्ग, द्वितीया-विभक्ति, एकवचन

• कृतैकनिश्चयाः: having made a single firm resolve
• कृतैकनिश्चयाः: Modifier (Viśeṣaṇa)
• Type: Adjective
• Root: कृत + एक + निश्चय (प्रातिपदिक; समास)
• Form: पुंलिङ्ग, प्रथमा-विभक्ति, बहुवचन; कर्मधारय/तत्पुरुषार्थे—‘कृतः एकः निश्चयः येषाम्’ (बहुव्रीह्यर्थप्रवण)

• तूर्णम्: quickly
• तूर्णम्: Modifier (Adverbial)
• Type: Indeclinable
• Root: तूर्णम् (अव्यय/प्रातिपदिक-नपुंसक)
• Form: क्रियाविशेषण-अव्यय (adverb)

• विविशुः: entered
• विविशुः: Kriya (Action/क्रिया)
• Type: Verb
• Root: वि-विश् (धातु)
• Form: लिट्-लकार (Perfect), प्रथमपुरुष, बहुवचन; परस्मैपद

• गजसाह्वयम्: Gajasāhvaya (Hastināpura)
• गजसाह्वयम्: Karma (Object/कर्म)
• Type: Noun
• Root: गज + साह्वय (प्रातिपदिक; समास)
• Form: नपुंसकलिङ्ग, द्वितीया-विभक्ति, एकवचन; षष्ठी/कर्मधारय-तत्पुरुष—‘गजः साह्वयः यस्य तत्’ (नगरनाम)

Speaker

Sage Parāśara (narrating to Maitreya)

Parashara-Maitreya Dialogue

Speaker: Parasara

Teaching: Historical

Quality: authoritative

Avatara Context

Avatara: Krishna

Purpose: Krishna descends to protect his kin and reassert dharma when rulers act with coercion, leading to confrontation at the Kuru capital.

Leela: Yuddha

Dharma Restored: Protection of the Yadu line and the principle that power must not violate kinship and justice.

Philosophical Teaching

Concept: Collective resolve in adharma hardens conflict; dharma requires releasing what is unjustly held, especially when it harms the innocent.

Vedantic Theme: Dharma

Application: In institutions, resist groupthink that normalizes injustice; correct wrongs early before they escalate into violence.

Vishishtadvaita: Offense against Hari’s devotees/kin is treated as a moral rupture in the Lord’s domain, prompting divine rectification through his līlā.

Dynasty & Genealogy

Vamsha: Chandra

Key Kings: Kurus

Vaishnava Theology

Vishnu Form: Hari

Characters & Entities

• Hari (Vishnu)
• Kurus
• Hastināpura (Gajasāhvaya)

FAQs

What is the significance of Gajasāhvaya in the Vishnu Purana?

Gajasāhvaya is Hastināpura, presented as the Kuru political seat; its mention anchors the genealogy in a concrete royal capital central to later Itihāsa traditions.

How does Sage Parāśara explain the Kurus’ resolve in this verse?

Parāśara highlights their ekaniścaya—single-minded determination—showing how collective royal will drives the unfolding of dynastic events and conflicts.

What is the theological importance of calling someone “Hari’s son” here?

Even in genealogical history, the Purana frames identity through relationship to Hari, subtly reaffirming Vishnu’s supreme sovereignty as the ground behind worldly lineage and power.