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Shloka 8

रुक्मिणी-हरणम्, विरोधि-राजगणः, रुक्मी-प्रतिज्ञा-पराजयः, प्रद्युम्न-जन्म

कुपितास् ते हरिं हन्तुं चक्रुर् उद्योगम् उत्तमम् निर्जिताश् च समागम्य रामाद्यैर् यदुपुंगवैः

kupitās te hariṃ hantuṃ cakrur udyogam uttamam nirjitāś ca samāgamya rāmādyair yadupuṃgavaiḥ

Enraged, they made their finest preparations to slay Hari; yet, defeated, they returned and gathered before the foremost of the Yadus—Balarāma and the others.

कुपिताःangered
कुपिताः:
Visheshana (Qualifier)
TypeAdjective
Rootकुपित (कृदन्त; √कुप् (धातु) + क्त)
Formपुंलिङ्ग, प्रथमा (1st/Nominative), बहुवचन; क्त-प्रत्ययान्त (past passive participle)
तेthey
ते:
Karta (Subject/कर्ता)
TypeNoun
Rootतद् (सर्वनाम-प्रातिपदिक)
Formपुंलिङ्ग, प्रथमा (1st/Nominative), बहुवचन; सर्वनाम
हरिम्Hari (Vishnu/Krishna)
हरिम्:
Karman (Object/कर्म)
TypeNoun
Rootहरि (प्रातिपदिक)
Formपुंलिङ्ग, द्वितीया (2nd/Accusative), एकवचन
हन्तुम्to kill
हन्तुम्:
Prayojana (Purpose/प्रयोजन)
TypeVerb
Root√हन् (धातु)
Formतुमुन्-प्रत्ययान्त अव्यय-क्रियापद (infinitive) — ‘to kill’
चक्रुःthey undertook/made
चक्रुः:
Kriya (Main action)
TypeVerb
Root√कृ (धातु)
Formलिट् (Perfect), परस्मैपद, प्रथमपुरुष (3rd), बहुवचन
उद्योगम्effort, enterprise
उद्योगम्:
Karman (Object/कर्म)
TypeNoun
Rootउद्योग (प्रातिपदिक)
Formपुंलिङ्ग, द्वितीया (2nd/Accusative), एकवचन
उत्तमम्excellent, great
उत्तमम्:
Visheshana (Qualifier)
TypeAdjective
Rootउत्तम (प्रातिपदिक)
Formपुंलिङ्ग, द्वितीया (2nd/Accusative), एकवचन; विशेषणम् (qualifying udyogam)
निर्जिताःdefeated
निर्जिताः:
Visheshana (Qualifier)
TypeAdjective
Rootनिर्जित (कृदन्त; नि + √जि (धातु) + क्त)
Formपुंलिङ्ग, प्रथमा (1st/Nominative), बहुवचन; क्त-प्रत्ययान्त
and
:
Sambandha (Connector)
TypeIndeclinable
Rootच (अव्यय)
Formअव्यय (समुच्चय-बोधक) — and
समागम्यhaving assembled
समागम्य:
Purvakala (Prior action)
TypeVerb
Rootसम्-आ-√गम् (धातु)
Formक्त्वा-प्रत्ययान्त अव्यय (gerund) — ‘having met/assembled’
रामाद्यैःby Rāma and others
रामाद्यैः:
Karana (Instrument/Agentive means)
TypeNoun
Rootराम-आद्य (प्रातिपदिक; राम + आद्य)
Formपुंलिङ्ग, तृतीया (3rd/Instrumental), बहुवचन; ‘रामादि’ = ‘Rāma and others’
यदुपुंगवैःby the foremost Yadus
यदुपुंगवैः:
Karana (Instrument/Agentive means)
TypeNoun
Rootयदु-पुंगव (प्रातिपदिक; यदु + पुंगव)
Formपुंलिङ्ग, तृतीया (3rd/Instrumental), बहुवचन; ‘श्रेष्ठ’ अर्थे पुंगव

Sage Parāśara (narrating to Maitreya)

Avatara: Krishna

Purpose: To subdue adharmic rulers who seek to destroy Hari and to protect the Yadu line through decisive victory.

Leela: Yuddha

Dharma Restored: Protection of the righteous and the stability of Yadu rule aligned with dharma.

Concept: Hostility to Hari, even when backed by ‘best preparations,’ culminates in defeat because adharma lacks lasting power.

Vedantic Theme: Dharma

Application: Channel anger into self-discipline and dharmic action; do not let ego make you oppose what is sacred and just.

Vishishtadvaita: Bhagavān’s protective governance operates through His devotees/kin (Yadupuṃgavas), showing divine agency within history.

Vishnu Form: Hari

H
Hari (Vishnu/Krishna)
B
Balarāma (Rāma)
Y
Yadus (Yadu dynasty)

FAQs

It highlights the recurring pattern that opposition to Hari (Vishnu/Krishna) arises from anger and ego, yet collapses before divine sovereignty—reinforcing Vishnu’s inviolability within the narrative order.

He frames it as a narrative reversal: the aggressors, though initially mobilized, are decisively overcome and then regroup—showing how events move under the superior force aligned with Hari and the Yadu champions.

Hari is presented as the unassailable center of power: even when targeted for destruction, the outcome affirms Vishnu’s supreme protection and governance, consistent with Vaishnava readings of Krishna as the highest reality.