Shloka 8

Kālayavana’s Rise, Dvārakā’s Founding, and Muchukunda’s Awakening (Śaraṇāgati & Brahman-Stuti)

Devanagari script

प्रययौ चाव्यवच्छिन्नं छिन्नयानो दिने दिने यादवान् प्रति सामर्षो मैत्रेय मथुरां पुरीम्

Transliteration

prayayau cāvyavacchinnaṃ chinnayāno dine dine yādavān prati sāmarṣo maitreya mathurāṃ purīm

Translation

And so, O Maitreya, day after day he pressed on without pause, his march unbroken; burning with wrath against the Yādavas, he advanced toward the city of Mathurā.

Word by Word

• प्रययौ: went forth, advanced
• प्रययौ: Kriya (Action/क्रिया)
• Type: Verb
• Root: प्र-√या (धातु)
• Form: लिट् (Perfect), प्रथमपुरुष (3rd person), एकवचन, परस्मैपद

• च: and
• च: Sambandha (Connector/सम्बन्ध)
• Type: Indeclinable
• Root: च (अव्यय)
• Form: समुच्चय-अव्यय (conjunction)

• अव्यवच्छिन्नम्: uninterruptedly
• अव्यवच्छिन्नम्: Kriya-vishesana (Adverbial qualifier/क्रियाविशेषण)
• Type: Adjective
• Root: अ-व्यव-√छिद् (धातु) + क्त (कृदन्त)
• Form: नपुंसकलिङ्ग, द्वितीया (2nd/Accusative), एकवचन; भूतकर्मणि कृदन्त (P.P.P.), ‘uninterrupted’ (क्रियाविशेषणवत्)

• छिन्नयानः: with broken conveyance/chariot
• छिन्नयानः: Karta (Subject qualifier/कर्ता-विशेषण)
• Type: Adjective
• Root: छिन्न (√छिद् + क्त) + यान (प्रातिपदिक)
• Form: पुंलिङ्ग, प्रथमा (1st/Nominative), एकवचन; ‘छिन्नं यानं यस्य’ इति (बहुव्रीहिवत् प्रयोगः) — here as epithet of the subject

• दिने: on a day
• दिने: Adhikarana (Location/Time/अधिकरण)
• Type: Noun
• Root: दिन (प्रातिपदिक)
• Form: नपुंसकलिङ्ग, सप्तमी (7th/Locative), एकवचन

• दिने: day by day
• दिने: Adhikarana (Location/Time/अधिकरण)
• Type: Noun
• Root: दिन (प्रातिपदिक)
• Form: नपुंसकलिङ्ग, सप्तमी (7th/Locative), एकवचन (पुनरुक्ति)

• यादवान्: the Yādavas
• यादवान्: Karma (Object/कर्म)
• Type: Noun
• Root: यादव (प्रातिपदिक)
• Form: पुंलिङ्ग, द्वितीया (2nd/Accusative), बहुवचन

• प्रति: towards, against
• प्रति: Disha/Pratiyogi (Direction/target)
• Type: Indeclinable
• Root: प्रति (अव्यय)
• Form: उपसर्ग/अव्यय (preposition-like indeclinable)

• सामर्षः: angry, wrathful
• सामर्षः: Karta (Subject qualifier/कर्ता-विशेषण)
• Type: Adjective
• Root: सामर्ष (प्रातिपदिक)
• Form: पुंलिङ्ग, प्रथमा (1st/Nominative), एकवचन

• मैत्रेय: O Maitreya
• मैत्रेय: Sambodhana (Address/सम्बोधन)
• Type: Noun
• Root: मैत्रेय (प्रातिपदिक)
• Form: पुंलिङ्ग, सम्बोधन (8th/Vocative), एकवचन

• मथुराम्: Mathurā
• मथुराम्: Karma (Goal as object/कर्म)
• Type: Noun
• Root: मथुरा (प्रातिपदिक)
• Form: स्त्रीलिङ्ग, द्वितीया (2nd/Accusative), एकवचन

• पुरीम्: city
• पुरीम्: Karma (Object/कर्म)
• Type: Noun
• Root: पुरी (प्रातिपदिक)
• Form: स्त्रीलिङ्ग, द्वितीया (2nd/Accusative), एकवचन (मथुराम् इति विशेष्य)

Speaker

Sage Parāśara (narrating to Maitreya)

Parashara-Maitreya Dialogue

Speaker: Parasara

Teaching: Historical

Quality: authoritative

Avatara Context

Avatara: Krishna

Purpose: To safeguard Mathurā and the Yādavas by meeting the oncoming threat and redirecting events toward the defeat of hostile powers.

Leela: Loka-rakshana

Dharma Restored: Security of the Yādava polity and protection of dharmic society from violent aggression

Vaishnava Theology

Vishnu Form: Krishna

Characters & Entities

• Maitreya
• Mathura

FAQs

What is the significance of Mathurā in the Vishnu Purana?

In this verse Mathurā is the imminent destination of a wrath-driven campaign, highlighting the city as a pivotal arena where oppression confronts the divinely protected Yādavas and where dharma is poised to be restored.

How does Sage Parāśara frame the unfolding conflict in this chapter?

Parāśara emphasizes the unbroken, day-by-day advance and the aggressor’s indignation, creating narrative momentum that sets the ethical contrast between hostile power and the protected lineage central to Krishna’s story.

What is the theological importance of Lord Vishnu in this context?

Though Vishnu is not named in the line, the Krishna-centered Ansha treats the Yādavas’ fate as governed by the Supreme’s providence—worldly anger and force move, but the cosmic order ultimately aligns with Vishnu’s protection of dharma.