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Shloka 18

कुब्जानुग्रहः, धनुर्भङ्गः, कुवलयापीडवधः, मल्लयुद्धं, कंसवधः, स्तुतयः

गोपालदारकौ प्राप्तौ भवद्भ्यां तौ ममाग्रतः मल्लयुद्धे निहन्तव्यौ मम प्राणहरौ हि तौ

gopāladārakau prāptau bhavadbhyāṃ tau mamāgrataḥ mallayuddhe nihantavyau mama prāṇaharau hi tau

“Those two cowherd boys have arrived. In my very presence, you must strike them down in the wrestlers’ combat—for they are, indeed, the takers of my life.”

गोपाल-दारकौthe two cowherd boys
गोपाल-दारकौ:
Karta (Subject/कर्ता)
TypeNoun
Rootगोपाल (प्रातिपदिक) + दारक (प्रातिपदिक)
Formकर्मधारय-समास (‘गोपालौ दारकौ’); पुल्लिङ्ग, प्रथमा (1st), द्विवचन
प्राप्तौhave arrived
प्राप्तौ:
Kriya (Action/क्रिया)
TypeVerb
Rootप्र-आप् (धातु) → प्राप्त (कृदन्त)
Formकृदन्त (क्त) predicative; पुल्लिङ्ग, प्रथमा (1st), द्विवचन; finite sense ‘have arrived’
भवद्भ्याम्by you two
भवद्भ्याम्:
Karana (Agent-instrument/करण)
TypeNoun
Rootभवत् (सर्वनाम-प्रातिपदिक)
Formसर्वनाम; पुल्लिङ्ग, तृतीया (3rd), द्विवचन
तौthose two
तौ:
Karta (Subject/कर्ता)
TypeNoun
Rootतद् (सर्वनाम-प्रातिपदिक)
Formसर्वनाम; पुल्लिङ्ग, प्रथमा (1st), द्विवचन; पुनरुक्ति/अन्वय (referring to the two boys)
ममmy
मम:
Sambandha (Possessor/सम्बन्ध)
TypeNoun
Rootअस्मद् (सर्वनाम-प्रातिपदिक)
Formसर्वनाम; षष्ठी (6th), एकवचन
अग्रतःin front (of me)
अग्रतः:
Adhikarana (Locus/अधिकरण)
TypeIndeclinable
Rootअग्रतः (अव्यय)
Formअव्यय; देशवाचक क्रियाविशेषण ‘in front (of)’
मल्ल-युद्धेin a wrestling match
मल्ल-युद्धे:
Adhikarana (Locus/अधिकरण)
TypeNoun
Rootमल्ल (प्रातिपदिक) + युद्ध (प्रातिपदिक)
Formतत्पुरुष-समास (षष्ठी/कर्मधारयार्थ: ‘मल्लानां युद्धम्’); नपुंसकलिङ्ग, सप्तमी (7th), एकवचन
निहन्तव्यौto be slain
निहन्तव्यौ:
Karma (Object/कर्म)
TypeAdjective
Rootनि-हन् (धातु) → निहन्तव्य (कृदन्त)
Formकृदन्त (तव्यत्, gerundive/obligative); पुल्लिङ्ग, प्रथमा (1st), द्विवचन; विधेय-विशेषण (to be killed)
ममmy
मम:
Sambandha (Possessor/सम्बन्ध)
TypeNoun
Rootअस्मद् (सर्वनाम-प्रातिपदिक)
Formसर्वनाम; षष्ठी (6th), एकवचन
प्राण-हरौlife-stealers
प्राण-हरौ:
Karta (Subject/कर्ता)
TypeAdjective
Rootप्राण (प्रातिपदिक) + हर (प्रातिपदिक)
Formतत्पुरुष-समास (षष्ठी-तत्पुरुष: ‘प्राणान् हरतः’); पुल्लिङ्ग, प्रथमा (1st), द्विवचन; विशेषण (of ‘तौ’)
हिindeed
हि:
Sambandha (Connector/सम्बन्ध)
TypeIndeclinable
Rootहि (अव्यय)
Formअव्यय; निपात (emphasis/causal) ‘indeed/for’
तौthose two
तौ:
Karta (Subject/कर्ता)
TypeNoun
Rootतद् (सर्वनाम-प्रातिपदिक)
Formसर्वनाम; पुल्लिङ्ग, प्रथमा (1st), द्विवचन

Kamsa (commanding his wrestlers, in the narration relayed by Sage Parashara to Maitreya)

Speaker: Parasara

Teaching: Historical

Quality: authoritative

Avatara: Krishna

Purpose: Kṛṣṇa accepts the public challenge so that Kaṃsa’s murderous intent ripens into an open confrontation culminating in his downfall.

Leela: Yuddha

Dharma Restored: Protection of the innocent and overthrow of tyrannical adharma in the arena of public justice

Concept: Tyrannical power reveals itself by treating the innocent as enemies and by sanctifying violence through public spectacle.

Vedantic Theme: Dharma

Application: Refuse to normalize injustice masked as ‘sport’ or ‘duty’; recognize and resist dehumanizing rhetoric.

Vishishtadvaita: Even when the Lord appears as a ‘boy,’ divine sovereignty operates within history to protect dharma through embodied action.

Vishnu Form: Krishna

K
Kamsa
K
Krishna
B
Balarama
W
Wrestlers (mallas)

FAQs

It signals Kamsa’s recognition that his adharmic rule is nearing its destined end; the verse frames Krishna and Balarama as the inevitable agents of cosmic justice.

By presenting Kamsa’s command as driven by fear and fate, the narrative implies that human power cannot override the higher order upheld by Vishnu’s avatara.

Krishna (as Vishnu’s avatara) embodies the Supreme Reality restoring dharma; Kamsa’s hostility becomes the stage on which divine order reasserts itself over oppressive kingship.