Shloka 19

इन्द्रक्रोधः, संवर्तक-वर्षणम्, गोवर्धनधारण-लीला

Devanagari script

इत्य् उक्तास् तेन ते गोपा विविशुर् गोधनैः सह शकटारोपितैर् भाण्डैर् गोप्यश् चासारपीडिताः

Transliteration

ity uktās tena te gopā viviśur godhanaiḥ saha śakaṭāropitair bhāṇḍair gopyaś cāsārapīḍitāḥ

Translation

Thus instructed by him, the cowherds entered the refuge together with their herds of cattle, bringing also their goods loaded upon the carts; and the gopīs too—distressed by the lashing downpour—went in.

Word by Word

• इति: thus
• इति: Sambandha (Quotation marker/उद्धरण)
• Type: Indeclinable
• Root: इति (अव्यय)
• Form: अव्ययम्; इत्यर्थक-निपातः (quotative particle)

• उक्ताः: (they) having been told
• उक्ताः: Karta (Subject/कर्ता)
• Type: Verb
• Root: वच् (धातु) + क्त (कृत्-प्रत्यय)
• Form: भूतकर्मणि कृदन्तः (क्त-प्रत्यय), पुंलिङ्गे, प्रथमा-विभक्तिः, बहुवचनम्; कर्मणि प्रयोगे ‘having been told’

• तेन: by him
• तेन: Karana (Instrument/Agent in passive/करण)
• Type: Noun
• Root: तद् (सर्वनाम-प्रातिपदिक)
• Form: पुंलिङ्गे, तृतीया-विभक्तिः (Instrumental/3rd), एकवचनम्

• ते: they
• ते: Karta (Subject/कर्ता)
• Type: Noun
• Root: तद् (सर्वनाम-प्रातिपदिक)
• Form: पुंलिङ्गे, प्रथमा-विभक्तिः (Nominative/1st), बहुवचनम्

• गोपाः: cowherd men
• गोपाः: Karta (Subject/कर्ता)
• Type: Noun
• Root: गोप (प्रातिपदिक)
• Form: पुंलिङ्गे, प्रथमा-विभक्तिः, बहुवचनम्

• विविशुः: entered
• विविशुः: Kriya (Action/क्रिया)
• Type: Verb
• Root: वि + विश् (धातु)
• Form: लिट्-लकारः (Perfect), प्रथमपुरुषः (3rd person), बहुवचनम्; परस्मैपदम्; उपसर्गः—वि

• गो-धनैः: with cattle/wealth of cows
• गो-धनैः: Sahakari (Accompaniment/सह)
• Type: Noun
• Root: गो (प्रातिपदिक) + धन (प्रातिपदिक)
• Form: नपुंसकलिङ्गे, तृतीया-विभक्तिः (Instrumental/3rd), बहुवचनम्; समासः—तत्पुरुषः (‘wealth in cows/cattle’)

• सह: together with
• सह: Sahakari (Accompaniment/सह)
• Type: Indeclinable
• Root: सह (अव्यय)
• Form: अव्ययम्; सहार्थक-उपपद (postposition ‘with’)

• शकट-आरोपितैः: loaded on carts
• शकट-आरोपितैः: Visheshana (Qualifier/विशेषण)
• Type: Adjective
• Root: शकट (प्रातिपदिक) + आरोपित (कृदन्त-प्रातिपदिक; आ + रुह्/रुह् caus./आरोपय्)
• Form: पुं/नपुंसक-सम्भव, तृतीया-विभक्तिः, बहुवचनम्; समासः—तत्पुरुषः (‘placed on carts’); विशेषणम् भाण्डैः

• भाण्डैः: with goods/utensils
• भाण्डैः: Sahakari (Accompaniment/सह)
• Type: Noun
• Root: भाण्ड (प्रातिपदिक)
• Form: नपुंसकलिङ्गे, तृतीया-विभक्तिः, बहुवचनम्

• गोप्यः: cowherd women (gopīs)
• गोप्यः: Karta (Subject/कर्ता)
• Type: Noun
• Root: गोपी (प्रातिपदिक)
• Form: स्त्रीलिङ्गे, प्रथमा-विभक्तिः, बहुवचनम्

• च: and
• च: Samuccaya (Coordination/समुच्चय)
• Type: Indeclinable
• Root: च (अव्यय)
• Form: समुच्चयार्थक-अव्ययम् (conjunction)

• आसार-पीडिताः: distressed by the rain-shower
• आसार-पीडिताः: Visheshana (Qualifier/विशेषण)
• Type: Adjective
• Root: आसार (प्रातिपदिक) + पीडित (कृदन्त-प्रातिपदिक; पीड् धातु + क्त)
• Form: पुंलिङ्गे, प्रथमा-विभक्तिः, बहुवचनम्; समासः—तत्पुरुषः (‘afflicted by downpour’); विशेषणम् गोप्यः

Speaker

Sage Parāśara (narrating to Maitreya)

Avatara Context

Avatara: Krishna

Purpose: Krishna shelters the Vraja community and their livelihood (cattle and goods) from Indra’s torrential assault.

Leela: Loka-rakshana

Dharma Restored: Safeguarding of pastoral dharma and the devotee-community’s survival.

Philosophical Teaching

Concept: Devotion expresses itself as practical surrender—moving with trust under the Lord’s guidance while protecting dependents.

Vedantic Theme: Dharma

Application: Let faith translate into coordinated, compassionate action—care for family, community, and livelihood during adversity.

Vishishtadvaita: The Lord’s grace encompasses embodied life—cattle, goods, and households—affirming a world-affirming bhakti rather than world-negation.

Vaishnava Theology

Vishnu Form: Krishna

Bhakti Type: Vatsalya

Characters & Entities

• Gopis (cowherd women)
• Cattle (godhana)
• Carts (śakaṭa)

FAQs

What is the significance of taking shelter during the storm in the Vishnu Purana?

This verse highlights communal śaraṇāgati (seeking refuge) under divinely guided protection, portraying the Lord’s sovereignty as the immediate safeguard of devotees in crisis.

How does Sage Parāśara structure this episode for Maitreya?

Parāśara narrates the sequence of instruction and response: Krishna’s directive is followed by the gopas and gopis entering shelter with cattle and cart-borne goods, emphasizing orderly reliance on divine guidance.

What is the theological importance of Lord Vishnu (as Krishna) in this context?

Even without naming Vishnu directly in the verse, the episode presents Krishna as the Supreme protector whose command becomes the means of preservation—an expression of Vaishnava doctrine that the Lord sustains and rescues those who depend on him.