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Shloka 5

भविष्य-मन्वन्तराः (अष्टम-चतुर्दश) तथा कल्प-युग-व्यवस्था

छायासंज्ञा ददौ शापं यमाय कुपिता यदा तदान्येयम् असौ बुद्धिर् इत्य् आसीद् यमसूर्ययोः

chāyāsaṃjñā dadau śāpaṃ yamāya kupitā yadā tadānyeyam asau buddhir ity āsīd yamasūryayoḥ

When Chāyā, bearing the name Saṃjñā, grew wrathful, she laid a curse upon Yama. From that moment Yama and the Sun understood alike: “Her mind is not truly her own; it belongs to another.”

छायासंज्ञाChāyā named Saṃjñā / the one called Chāyā
छायासंज्ञा:
Karta (कर्ता)
TypeNoun
Rootछाया (प्रातिपदिक) + संज्ञा (प्रातिपदिक)
Formस्त्रीलिङ्ग, प्रथमा (1st/Nominative), एकवचन; षष्ठी-तत्पुरुषः (छायायाः संज्ञा)
ददौgave
ददौ:
Kriya (क्रिया)
TypeVerb
Rootदा (धातु)
Formलिट् (Perfect), प्रथमपुरुष, एकवचन; परस्मैपद
शापम्a curse
शापम्:
Karma (कर्म)
TypeNoun
Rootशाप (प्रातिपदिक)
Formपुंलिङ्ग, द्वितीया (2nd/Accusative), एकवचन
यमायto Yama
यमाय:
Sampradana (सम्प्रदान)
TypeNoun
Rootयम (प्रातिपदिक)
Formपुंलिङ्ग, चतुर्थी (4th/Dative), एकवचन
कुपिताangered
कुपिता:
Karta (कर्ता)
TypeAdjective
Rootकुपित (कृदन्त; कुप्/कुप्य् धातु)
Formभूतकृदन्त (क्त), स्त्रीलिङ्ग, प्रथमा, एकवचन; विशेषणम्
यदाwhen
यदा:
Sambandha (सम्बन्ध)
TypeIndeclinable
Rootयदा (अव्यय)
Formकालवाचक-अव्यय (temporal conjunction)
तदाthen
तदा:
Sambandha (सम्बन्ध)
TypeIndeclinable
Rootतदा (अव्यय)
Formकालवाचक-अव्यय (correlative adverb)
अन्याanother
अन्या:
Visheshana (विशेषण)
TypeAdjective
Rootअन्य (प्रातिपदिक)
Formस्त्रीलिङ्ग, प्रथमा, एकवचन; विशेषणम्
इयम्this (she/this one)
इयम्:
Karta (कर्ता)
TypeNoun
Rootइदम् (सर्वनाम-प्रातिपदिक)
Formस्त्रीलिङ्ग, प्रथमा, एकवचन; सर्वनाम
असौthat (she)
असौ:
Karta (कर्ता)
TypeNoun
Rootअसद्/अदस् (सर्वनाम-प्रातिपदिक)
Formस्त्रीलिङ्ग, प्रथमा, एकवचन; सर्वनाम
बुद्धिःthe thought/understanding
बुद्धिः:
Karta (कर्ता)
TypeNoun
Rootबुद्धि (प्रातिपदिक)
Formस्त्रीलिङ्ग, प्रथमा, एकवचन
इतिthus
इति:
Sambandha (सम्बन्ध)
TypeIndeclinable
Rootइति (अव्यय)
Formउद्धरण-निबन्धन-अव्यय (quotative particle)
आसीत्was
आसीत्:
Kriya (क्रिया)
TypeVerb
Rootअस् (धातु)
Formलङ् (Imperfect), प्रथमपुरुष, एकवचन; परस्मैपद
यमसूर्ययोःof Yama and the Sun
यमसूर्ययोः:
Shashthi-sambandha (षष्ठी-सम्बन्ध)
TypeNoun
Rootयम (प्रातिपदिक) + सूर्य (प्रातिपदिक)
Formपुंलिङ्ग, षष्ठी (6th/Genitive), द्विवचन; इतरेतर-द्वन्द्वः (यमश्च सूर्यश्च)

Sage Parāśara (narrating to Maitreya)

Speaker: Parasara

Topic: Manvantara accounts—genealogical origins around the solar deity and his offspring.

Teaching: Historical

Quality: authoritative

Concept: Anger and impulsive speech (śāpa) reveal inner disharmony and can expose hidden truth, urging discernment (viveka).

Vedantic Theme: Dharma

Application: Pause before reacting in anger; examine motives and identity-claims before judging or cursing others.

Vishishtadvaita: Even amid psychological confusion, order is preserved through higher governance—implying a cosmos regulated by the Lord’s immanent rule though not named here.

Key Kings: Yama, Vivasvān (Sūrya), Chāyā (Saṃjñā)

C
Chāyā
S
Saṃjñā
Y
Yama
S
Sūrya

FAQs

This verse highlights Chāyā’s distinct nature: her anger and curse reveal to Yama and Sūrya that her mind is “of another,” signaling she is not the original Saṃjñā and advancing the plot of substitution within the Solar-family narrative.

Parāśara frames the curse as the decisive clue—once Chāyā curses Yama in anger, Yama and Sūrya infer that her disposition is not Saṃjñā’s, and suspicion about her true identity becomes certainty.

Even in genealogical episodes, the Vishnu Purana presents a moral universe where dharma and consequence govern relationships—an order ultimately grounded in the Supreme Reality of Vishnu, who sustains cosmic law through such narrative causality.