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Shloka 16

ऋभु–निदाघ-संवादः—अद्वैत-उपदेशः, समता, वासुदेव-स्वरूप-एकत्वम्

तं भुक्तवन्तम् इच्छातो मिष्टम् अन्नं महामुनिम् निदाघः प्राह भूपाल प्रश्रयावनतः स्थितः

taṃ bhuktavantam icchāto miṣṭam annaṃ mahāmunim nidāghaḥ prāha bhūpāla praśrayāvanataḥ sthitaḥ

When the great sage had eaten the sweet food according to his wish, Nidāgha—standing before the king with reverent humility and a bowed demeanor—addressed him: “O ruler of the earth …”

तम्him
तम्:
Karma (Object/कर्म)
TypeNoun
Rootतद् (सर्वनाम-प्रातिपदिक)
Formपुंलिङ्ग, द्वितीया (2nd/द्वितीया), एकवचन
भुक्तवन्तम्who had eaten
भुक्तवन्तम्:
Karma (Object-apposition/कर्म)
TypeVerb
Rootभुज् (धातु) + क्तवतु (कृदन्त-प्रत्यय)
Formक्तवतु-प्रत्ययान्त भूतकर्तरि कृदन्त (past active participle); पुंलिङ्ग, द्वितीया (2nd), एकवचन
इच्छातःas he wished / at will
इच्छातः:
Hetu (Cause/हेतु)
TypeNoun
Rootइच्छा (प्रातिपदिक)
Formस्त्रीलिङ्ग, पञ्चमी (5th/पञ्चमी), एकवचन; हेत्वर्थे (as cause: ‘from desire/at will’)
मिष्टम्sweet
मिष्टम्:
Visheshana (Qualifier/विशेषण)
TypeAdjective
Rootमिष्ट (प्रातिपदिक)
Formनपुंसकलिङ्ग, द्वितीया (2nd/द्वितीया), एकवचन; विशेषण (of अन्नम्)
अन्नम्food
अन्नम्:
Karma (Object/कर्म)
TypeNoun
Rootअन्न (प्रातिपदिक)
Formनपुंसकलिङ्ग, द्वितीया (2nd/द्वितीया), एकवचन
महामुनिम्the great sage
महामुनिम्:
Karma (Object/कर्म)
TypeNoun
Rootमहा (प्रातिपदिक) + मुनि (प्रातिपदिक)
Formपुंलिङ्ग, द्वितीया (2nd/द्वितीया), एकवचन; कर्मधारय (great sage)
निदाघःNidāgha
निदाघः:
Karta (Subject/कर्ता)
TypeNoun
Rootनिदाघ (प्रातिपदिक)
Formपुंलिङ्ग, प्रथमा (1st/प्रथमा), एकवचन
प्राहsaid
प्राह:
Kriya (Verb/क्रिया)
TypeVerb
Rootप्र-आह्/अह् (धातु)
Formलिट् (Perfect), प्रथमपुरुष (3rd), एकवचन; परस्मैपद
भूपालO king
भूपाल:
Sambodhana (Address/सम्बोधन)
TypeNoun
Rootभूपाल (प्रातिपदिक)
Formपुंलिङ्ग, सम्बोधन (Vocative/सम्बोधन), एकवचन
प्रश्रय-अवनतःhumbly bowed
प्रश्रय-अवनतः:
Karta (Qualifier/कर्ता-विशेषण)
TypeAdjective
Rootप्रश्रय (प्रातिपदिक) + अवनत (प्रातिपदिक)
Formपुंलिङ्ग, प्रथमा (1st/प्रथमा), एकवचन; तत्पुरुष (bowed with humility)
स्थितःstanding
स्थितः:
Kriya (Predicate participle/क्रियाविशेष)
TypeVerb
Rootस्था (धातु) + क्त (कृदन्त-प्रत्यय)
Formक्त-प्रत्ययान्त भूतकर्तरि कृदन्त (past active participle); पुंलिङ्ग, प्रथमा (1st), एकवचन

Sage Parāśara (narrating to Maitreya; the reported speech is by Nidāgha to King Ṛbhu)

N
Nidāgha
K
King Ṛbhu (Bhūpāla)
S
Sage (Mahāmuni)

FAQs

The verse highlights that true instruction is approached through reverence and self-effacement; Nidāgha’s bowed posture signals that spiritual insight is grounded in humility rather than status.

Parāśara frames the lesson as a lived encounter: after hospitality and proper conduct, Nidāgha begins instruction, showing that dharma and wisdom unfold naturally within respectful social and spiritual exchange.

Even when Vishnu is not named in the line, the Purana’s ethic is Vishnu-centered: rightful sovereignty and conduct (of king and sage alike) are meaningful because they align with the sustaining cosmic order upheld by the Supreme Reality.