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Shloka 30

Daitya–Dānava Vaṁśa, Kaśyapa’s Progeny, and the Birth of the Maruts

दितिर् विनष्टपुत्रा वै तोषयाम् आस कश्यपम् तया चाराधितः सम्यक् कश्यपस् तपतां वरः

ditir vinaṣṭaputrā vai toṣayām āsa kaśyapam tayā cārādhitaḥ samyak kaśyapas tapatāṃ varaḥ

Diti, bereft of her sons, set herself to pleasing Kaśyapa. By her devoted service and earnest worship, Kaśyapa—the foremost among ascetics—was fully propitiated.

ditiḥDiti
ditiḥ:
Karta (Subject/कर्ता)
TypeNoun
Rootditi (प्रातिपदिक)
Formस्त्रीलिङ्ग, प्रथमा, एकवचन
vinaṣṭa-putrāwhose sons were lost
vinaṣṭa-putrā:
Karta (Subject qualifier)
TypeAdjective
Rootvinaṣṭa (vi-naś धातु + kta) + putra (प्रातिपदिक)
Formस्त्रीलिङ्ग, प्रथमा, एकवचन; बहुव्रीहि (vinaṣṭāḥ putrāḥ yasyāḥ sā) qualifying ‘ditiḥ’
vaiindeed
vai:
Sambandha (Particle)
TypeIndeclinable
Rootvai (अव्यय)
Formनिश्चयार्थक अव्यय (emphatic particle)
toṣayāmpleased
toṣayām:
Kriya (Predicate/क्रिया)
TypeVerb
Roottuṣ (धातु)
Formलिट्/परिप्रयोगे (periphrastic perfect) ‘toṣayām āsa’; प्रथमपुरुष, एकवचन; causative sense ‘pleased/satisfied’
āsadid/was (aux.)
āsa:
Kriya (Auxiliary)
TypeVerb
Rootas (धातु)
Formलिट् (perfect), प्रथमपुरुष, एकवचन; सहायकक्रिया
kaśyapamKaśyapa
kaśyapam:
Karma (Object/कर्म)
TypeNoun
Rootkaśyapa (प्रातिपदिक)
Formपुंलिङ्ग, द्वितीया, एकवचन
tayāby her
tayā:
Karana (Instrument/करण)
TypePronoun
Roottad (प्रातिपदिक)
Formस्त्रीलिङ्ग, तृतीया (3rd case), एकवचन; सर्वनाम; करण/हेतु (by her)
caand
ca:
Sambandha (Connector)
TypeIndeclinable
Rootca (अव्यय)
Formसमुच्चयबोधक अव्यय (conjunction)
ārādhitaḥwas propitiated
ārādhitaḥ:
Kriya (Predicate/क्रिया)
TypeVerb
Rootā-rādh (धातु) + kta (क्त)
Formकृदन्त (past passive participle), पुंलिङ्ग, प्रथमा, एकवचन; ‘having been propitiated’
samyakproperly
samyak:
Kriya-visheshana (Adverbial)
TypeIndeclinable
Rootsamyak (अव्यय)
Formरीतिवाचक अव्यय (adverb: properly)
kaśyapaḥKaśyapa
kaśyapaḥ:
Karta (Subject/कर्ता)
TypeNoun
Rootkaśyapa (प्रातिपदिक)
Formपुंलिङ्ग, प्रथमा, एकवचन
tapatāmof those practicing austerity
tapatām:
Sambandha (Genitive/सम्बन्ध)
TypeNoun
Roottap (धातु) + śatṛ (शतृ) → tapat (प्रातिपदिक)
Formकृदन्त (present active participle used substantively), पुंलिङ्ग, षष्ठी, बहुवचन; ‘of ascetics/performers of tapas’
varaḥthe best
varaḥ:
Karta (Predicate nominal)
TypeNoun
Rootvara (प्रातिपदिक)
Formपुंलिङ्ग, प्रथमा, एकवचन; विधेय (predicate nominative)

Sage Parāśara (narrating to Maitreya)

Concept: Grief can turn toward disciplined effort—Diti channels loss into sustained service and worship to propitiate a great ṛṣi.

Vedantic Theme: Dharma

Application: When afflicted by loss, adopt steady practice (seva, prayer, restraint) rather than impulsive reaction; examine motives before seeking power.

Vishishtadvaita: Shows efficacy of disciplined devotion/propitiation within a morally structured cosmos—boons operate through ordained channels, not randomness.

D
Diti
K
Kashyapa

FAQs

It marks the turning point where Diti’s grief-driven resolve leads her to disciplined propitiation, setting up the conditions for a boon and the consequent unfolding of Daitya-related lineage events.

By showing that even a great ascetic like Kaśyapa responds when approached with sustained, correct devotion and service—tapas functions as a lawful spiritual force within the Purāṇic moral universe.

Though not named in this verse, the episode operates within Viṣṇu’s sovereign cosmic order: boons, births, and genealogies unfold under a higher governance where dharma ultimately reasserts balance.