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Shloka 15

Brahmā–Viṣṇu Garva-vādaḥ

The Dispute of Pride Between Brahmā and Viṣṇu

समीक्ष्य दैवतगणाः शशंसुर्भृशमाकुलाः । ततो विष्णुः सुसंक्रुद्धः श्वसन्व्यसनकर्शितः

samīkṣya daivatagaṇāḥ śaśaṃsurbhṛśamākulāḥ | tato viṣṇuḥ susaṃkruddhaḥ śvasanvyasanakarśitaḥ

Seeing this, the hosts of gods, greatly agitated, cried out in alarm. Thereupon Viṣṇu—deeply enraged, breathing hard and worn down by distress—responded at once.

samīkṣyahaving observed
samīkṣya:
Kriyā (क्रिया; पूर्वकालिक)
TypeVerb
Rootsam-īkṣ (धातु)
Formक्त्वा-प्रत्ययान्त अव्ययभाव (gerund/absolutive), ‘having seen/observed’
daivata-gaṇāḥthe hosts of gods
daivata-gaṇāḥ:
Karta (कर्ता)
TypeNoun
Rootdaivata (प्रातिपदिक) + gaṇa (प्रातिपदिक)
Formपुंलिङ्ग, प्रथमा-विभक्ति (Nominative), बहुवचन; समासः—षष्ठी-तत्पुरुष (group of gods)
śaśaṃsuḥthey proclaimed, reported
śaśaṃsuḥ:
Kriyā (क्रिया)
TypeVerb
Rootśaṃs (धातु)
Formलिट्-लकार (Perfect), प्रथमपुरुष (3rd), बहुवचन; परस्मैपद
bhṛśamgreatly, exceedingly
bhṛśam:
Kriyāviśeṣaṇa (क्रियाविशेषण)
TypeIndeclinable
Rootbhṛśam (अव्यय)
Formक्रियाविशेषण-अव्यय (adverb)
ākulāḥagitated, distressed
ākulāḥ:
Viśeṣaṇa (विशेषण)
TypeAdjective
Rootākula (प्रातिपदिक)
Formपुंलिङ्ग, प्रथमा-विभक्ति (Nominative), बहुवचन; विशेषण (qualifier)
tataḥthen, thereafter
tataḥ:
Kāla/Anantarya (काल/अनन्तर्य)
TypeIndeclinable
Roottataḥ (अव्यय)
Formअपादान/क्रमसूचक-अव्यय (then/thereupon)
viṣṇuḥVishnu
viṣṇuḥ:
Karta (कर्ता)
TypeNoun
Rootviṣṇu (प्रातिपदिक)
Formपुंलिङ्ग, प्रथमा-विभक्ति (Nominative), एकवचन
su-saṃkruddhaḥvery enraged
su-saṃkruddhaḥ:
Viśeṣaṇa (विशेषण)
TypeAdjective
Rootsu (उपसर्ग/अव्यय) + saṃ-krudh (धातु) → saṃkruddha (कृदन्त-प्रातिपदिक)
Formपुंलिङ्ग, प्रथमा-विभक्ति (Nominative), एकवचन; क्त-प्रत्ययान्त (past participle)
śvasanbreathing hard
śvasan:
Kriyāviśeṣaṇa (क्रियाविशेषण; सहक्रिया)
TypeVerb
Rootśvas (धातु)
Formशतृ-प्रत्ययान्त वर्तमान कृदन्त (present participle), पुंलिङ्ग प्रथमा एकवचन; ‘breathing’
vyasana-karśitaḥworn down by anguish
vyasana-karśitaḥ:
Viśeṣaṇa (विशेषण)
TypeAdjective
Rootvyasana (प्रातिपदिक) + karśita (कृदन्त-प्रातिपदिक; kṛś/karś धातु)
Formपुंलिङ्ग, प्रथमा-विभक्ति (Nominative), एकवचन; समासः—तत्पुरुष (afflicted by distress)

Suta Goswami

Tattva Level: pashu

V
Vishnu
D
Devas

FAQs

The verse highlights that even divine beings can be shaken by agitation and distress, implying that true refuge lies beyond reactive emotion—pointing, in Shaiva Siddhanta, toward Pati (Shiva) as the stabilizing, liberating reality when pasha (bondage) manifests as fear and turmoil.

The narrative mood—gods alarmed and a deity reacting in anger—sets the backdrop for why Saguna Shiva worship (especially the Linga as the accessible, steady form) is upheld in the Purana as a means to regain equilibrium, protection, and right orientation toward the Supreme.

A practical takeaway is japa of the Panchakshara mantra (Om Namaḥ Śivāya) to pacify agitation, along with steadying observances like applying Tripuṇḍra (bhasma) and mindful breath to transform reactive distress into devotion and inner stillness.