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Shloka 15

Sadācāra–Varṇa-lakṣaṇa and Prātaḥkṛtya

Right Conduct, Social Typologies, and Morning Purification

येन केन च पत्रेण काष्ठेन च जलाद्बहिः । कार्यं संत्यज्य तर्ज्जनीं दंतधावनमीरितम्

yena kena ca patreṇa kāṣṭhena ca jalādbahiḥ | kāryaṃ saṃtyajya tarjjanīṃ daṃtadhāvanamīritam

For cleaning the teeth, it is prescribed that one should go outside the water source and, setting aside all other activities, brush the teeth using any suitable leaf or a piece of wood; the index finger (tarjanī) should be avoided for this act.

yenaby which
yena:
Karaṇa (करण/Instrument)
TypeNoun
Rootyad (सर्वनाम-प्रातिपदिक)
FormPronoun, Neuter/Masculine, Instrumental (3rd/तृतीया), Singular; ‘by which’
kenaby any
kena:
Karaṇa (करण/Instrument)
TypeNoun
Rootkim (सर्वनाम-प्रातिपदिक)
FormInterrogative/indefinite pronoun, Neuter/Masculine, Instrumental (3rd/तृतीया), Singular; with yena…kena = ‘by any (whatever)’
caand
ca:
Sambandha (सम्बन्ध/Connector)
TypeIndeclinable
Rootca (अव्यय)
FormConjunction particle (समुच्चयबोधक अव्यय)
patreṇawith a leaf
patreṇa:
Karaṇa (करण/Instrument)
TypeNoun
Rootpatra (प्रातिपदिक)
FormNeuter, Instrumental (3rd/तृतीया), Singular; ‘with a leaf’
kāṣṭhenawith wood
kāṣṭhena:
Karaṇa (करण/Instrument)
TypeNoun
Rootkāṣṭha (प्रातिपदिक)
FormNeuter, Instrumental (3rd/तृतीया), Singular; ‘with a piece of wood’
caand
ca:
Sambandha (सम्बन्ध/Connector)
TypeIndeclinable
Rootca (अव्यय)
FormConjunction particle (समुच्चयबोधक अव्यय)
jalātfrom water
jalāt:
Apādāna (अपादान/Ablative-source)
TypeNoun
Rootjala (प्रातिपदिक)
FormNeuter, Ablative (5th/पञ्चमी), Singular; ‘from water’
bahiḥoutside
bahiḥ:
Adhikaraṇa (अधिकरण/Locative sense)
TypeIndeclinable
Rootbahiḥ (अव्यय)
FormAdverb/Preverb-like indeclinable (क्रियाविशेषण अव्यय) meaning ‘outside’
kāryamis to be done
kāryam:
Karma (कर्म/Object; predicative)
TypeNoun
Rootkārya (प्रातिपदिक)
FormNeuter, Nominative (1st/प्रथमा) or Accusative (2nd/द्वितीया), Singular; here as predicate/thing to be done: ‘(it is) to be done’
saṃtyajyahaving abandoned
saṃtyajya:
Pūrvakāla-kriyā (पूर्वकालक्रिया/Gerundial action)
TypeVerb
Rootsam-tyaj (धातु)
FormAbsolutive/Gerund (क्त्वा/ल्यप्), ‘having completely abandoned’
tarjjanīmthe index finger
tarjjanīm:
Karma (कर्म/Object)
TypeNoun
Roottarjjanī (प्रातिपदिक)
FormFeminine, Accusative (2nd/द्वितीया), Singular; ‘index finger’
danta-dhāvanamtooth-cleaning
danta-dhāvanam:
Karma (कर्म/Object; topic)
TypeNoun
Rootdanta (प्रातिपदिक) + dhāvana (प्रातिपदिक)
FormNeuter, Nominative (1st/प्रथमा) or Accusative (2nd/द्वितीया), Singular; समासः: dantānāṃ dhāvanaṃ (teeth-cleaning) षष्ठी-तत्पुरुषः
īritamis prescribed
īritam:
Kriyā (क्रिया/Predicative verbal)
TypeVerb
Rootīr (धातु)
FormPast passive participle (कर्मणि कृदन्त/क्त), Neuter, Nominative (1st/प्रथमा), Singular; ‘is prescribed/declared’

Sūta Gosvāmin (narrating the prescribed observances as taught in the Vidyeśvarasaṃhitā)

Tattva Level: pashu

Shiva Form: Paśupatinātha

Significance: Establishes śauca (ritual purity) as a prerequisite for Śiva-pūjā; purity disciplines the bound soul (paśu) to become fit for anugraha.

S
Shiva

FAQs

It teaches śauca (purity) and disciplined conduct as a foundation for Shiva-bhakti—outer cleanliness supports inner steadiness, making the mind fit for mantra and worship.

Linga-worship in the Vidyeśvara Saṃhitā is preceded by proper daily observances; this rule emphasizes preparing oneself with cleanliness and restraint before approaching Saguna Shiva through ritual.

A practical morning observance: brush teeth with a leaf/twig away from the water source and avoid using the index finger—then proceed toward bath, mantra (like the Pañcākṣarī), and Shiva-pūjā.