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Shloka 10

Śivakṣetra–Tīrtha–Māhātmya

The Salvific Function of Shiva’s Sacred Domains

हिमवद्गिरिजा गंगा पुण्या शतमुखा नदी । तत्तीरे चैव काश्यादिपुण्यक्षेत्राण्यनेकशः

himavadgirijā gaṃgā puṇyā śatamukhā nadī | tattīre caiva kāśyādipuṇyakṣetrāṇyanekaśaḥ

The Gaṅgā, born of the Himālaya, is a supremely holy river with a hundred streams. Upon her banks there are indeed many sacred pilgrimage-places—beginning with Kāśī—bestowing merit and purity.

himavat-girijādaughter of Himavat (Pārvatī)
himavat-girijā:
Karta (कर्ता/subject)
TypeNoun
Roothimavat (प्रातिपदिक) + girijā (प्रातिपदिक)
FormFeminine (स्त्रीलिङ्ग), Nominative (1st/प्रथमा), Singular (एकवचन); samāsa: himavat-girijā (तत्पुरुषः; ‘daughter of Himavat’)
gaṅgāGaṅgā
gaṅgā:
Karta (कर्ता/subject/apposition)
TypeNoun
Rootgaṅgā (प्रातिपदिक)
FormFeminine (स्त्रीलिङ्ग), Nominative (1st/प्रथमा), Singular (एकवचन)
puṇyāholy; meritorious
puṇyā:
Viśeṣaṇa (विशेषण)
TypeAdjective
Rootpuṇya (प्रातिपदिक)
FormFeminine (स्त्रीलिङ्ग), Nominative (1st/प्रथमा), Singular (एकवचन); adjective qualifying gaṅgā/nadī
śata-mukhāhundred-mouthed (many-branched)
śata-mukhā:
Viśeṣaṇa (विशेषण)
TypeAdjective
Rootśata (प्रातिपदिक) + mukha (प्रातिपदिक)
FormFeminine (स्त्रीलिङ्ग), Nominative (1st/प्रथमा), Singular (एकवचन); dvigu-samāsa: śata-mukhā (‘having a hundred mouths/branches’)
nadīriver
nadī:
Karta (कर्ता/subject/apposition)
TypeNoun
Rootnadī (प्रातिपदिक)
FormFeminine (स्त्रीलिङ्ग), Nominative (1st/प्रथमा), Singular (एकवचन)
tat-tīreon its bank
tat-tīre:
Adhikarana (अधिकरण/locative)
TypeNoun
Roottad (सर्वनाम-प्रातिपदिक) + tīra (प्रातिपदिक)
FormNeuter (नपुंसकलिङ्ग), Locative (7th/सप्तमी), Singular (एकवचन); samāsa: tat-tīra (‘on its bank’)
caand
ca:
Sambandha (सम्बन्ध/conjunction)
TypeIndeclinable
Rootca (अव्यय)
FormAvyaya (अव्यय), conjunction (समुच्चय)
evaindeed; just
eva:
Sambandha (सम्बन्ध/particle)
TypeIndeclinable
Rooteva (अव्यय)
FormAvyaya (अव्यय), emphatic particle (निपात)
kāśī-ādi-puṇya-kṣetrāṇiholy places beginning with Kāśī
kāśī-ādi-puṇya-kṣetrāṇi:
Karta (कर्ता/subject)
TypeNoun
Rootkāśī (प्रातिपदिक) + ādi (अव्यय/प्रातिपदिक) + puṇya (प्रातिपदिक) + kṣetra (प्रातिपदिक)
FormNeuter (नपुंसकलिङ्ग), Nominative (1st/प्रथमा), Plural (बहुवचन); samāsa: kāśī-ādi (तत्पुरुषः; ‘beginning with Kāśī’) + puṇya-kṣetra (कर्मधारय/तत्पुरुष; ‘holy places’), overall tatpurusha-compound used as a noun
anekaśaḥin many ways; in great numbers
anekaśaḥ:
Kriyāviśeṣaṇa (क्रियाविशेषण/adverbial)
TypeIndeclinable
Rootanekaśas (अव्यय)
FormAvyaya (अव्यय), adverb (क्रियाविशेषण) meaning multiplicity

Suta Goswami

Tattva Level: pasha

Shiva Form: Paśupatinātha

Jyotirlinga: Viśvanātha

Sthala Purana: The verse frames Gaṅgā as the sanctifying artery whose banks host innumerable puṇyakṣetras, foremost Kāśī—classically understood in Śaiva Purāṇic imagination as Śiva’s own kṣetra where liberation is granted and Gaṅgā’s presence amplifies tīrtha-śakti.

Significance: Snāna and tīrtha-sevā on Gaṅgā’s banks, especially at Kāśī, are portrayed as purifying pāśa (bondage/impurity) and ripening the soul for Śiva’s grace.

Role: nurturing

G
Ganga
H
Himalaya
K
Kashi

FAQs

It proclaims Gaṅgā as a purifier and highlights that her banks are lined with many puṇya-kṣetras—especially Kāśī—where devotion to Shiva and sacred presence accelerate inner purification and merit.

By pointing to Kāśī and other tīrthas on Gaṅgā’s banks, it implicitly directs the seeker to established Shaiva centers where Liṅga worship and Saguna Shiva devotion are traditionally performed for grace and liberation.

Pilgrimage to Gaṅgā-side kṣetras, reverent snāna (sacred bath), and Shaiva pūjā—especially Liṅga-archana with mantra-japa such as the Pañcākṣarī (Om Namaḥ Śivāya)—are the practical takeaways.