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Shloka 2

महापातकवर्णनम् (Mahāpātaka-varṇanam) — “Description of Great Sins and Their Consequences”

सनत्कुमार उवाच । ये पापनिरता जीवा महानरकहेतवः । ते समासेन कथ्यंते सावधानतया शृणु

sanatkumāra uvāca | ye pāpaniratā jīvā mahānarakahetavaḥ | te samāsena kathyaṃte sāvadhānatayā śṛṇu

Sanatkumāra said: Those living beings who are devoted to sin become the cause of great hells. I shall describe them briefly—listen with attentive care.

सनत्कुमारःSanatkumāra
सनत्कुमारः:
कर्ता (Karta/Subject)
TypeNoun
Rootसनत् + कुमार (प्रातिपदिक)
Formपुंलिङ्ग, प्रथमा, एकवचन; समासः कर्मधारय (सनत् कुमारः = Sanatkumāra)
उवाचsaid
उवाच:
क्रिया (Kriyā/Verb)
TypeVerb
Rootवच् (धातु)
Formलिट्-लकार (Perfect), प्रथमपुरुष, एकवचन; परस्मैपद
येthose who
ये:
कर्ता (Karta/Subject)
TypeNoun
Rootयद् (सर्वनाम-प्रातिपदिक)
Formपुंलिङ्ग, प्रथमा, बहुवचन; सम्बन्धवाचक-सर्वनाम
पापनिरताःengaged in sin
पापनिरताः:
कर्तृ-विशेषण (Qualifier of subject)
TypeAdjective
Rootपाप + निरत (प्रातिपदिक/कृदन्त)
Formपुंलिङ्ग, प्रथमा, बहुवचन; तत्पुरुष (पापे निरताः)
जीवाःbeings
जीवाः:
कर्ता (Karta/Subject; apposition)
TypeNoun
Rootजीव (प्रातिपदिक)
Formपुंलिङ्ग, प्रथमा, बहुवचन
महानरकहेतवःcauses of great hell
महानरकहेतवः:
कर्ता (Karta/Subject predicate)
TypeNoun
Rootमहानरक + हेतु (प्रातिपदिक)
Formपुंलिङ्ग, प्रथमा, बहुवचन; तत्पुरुष (महानरकस्य हेतवः)
तेthey/those
ते:
कर्ता (Karta/Subject)
TypeNoun
Rootतद् (सर्वनाम-प्रातिपदिक)
Formपुंलिङ्ग, प्रथमा, बहुवचन; सर्वनाम
समासेनbriefly
समासेन:
क्रियाविशेषण (Adverbial)
TypeIndeclinable
Rootसमास (प्रातिपदिक)
Formपुंलिङ्ग, तृतीया, एकवचन; क्रियाविशेषण-प्रयोग (instrumental used adverbially: 'briefly/in summary')
कथ्यन्तेare described
कथ्यन्ते:
क्रिया (Kriyā/Verb)
TypeVerb
Rootकथ् (धातु)
Formलट्-लकार (Present), प्रथमपुरुष, बहुवचन; आत्मनेपद; कर्मणि-प्रयोग (passive: 'are told')
सावधानतयाattentively
सावधानतया:
क्रियाविशेषण (Adverbial)
TypeIndeclinable
Rootसावधानता (प्रातिपदिक)
Formस्त्रीलिङ्ग, तृतीया, एकवचन; भाववाचक-नाम; क्रियाविशेषण-प्रयोग (adverbial instrumental: 'with attentiveness')
शृणुlisten
शृणु:
क्रिया (Kriyā/Verb)
TypeVerb
Rootश्रु (धातु)
Formलोट्-लकार (Imperative), मध्यमपुरुष, एकवचन; परस्मैपद

Sanatkumara

Tattva Level: pashu

Sthala Purana: Not site-specific; functions as a pedagogical preface: the guru will summarize the categories of pāpa that lead to mahānaraka.

Significance: Encourages attentive śravaṇa as a means of self-correction; in Siddhānta terms, receptivity to instruction is a doorway for Śiva’s grace to weaken pāśa.

Role: teaching

S
Sanatkumara

FAQs

It frames sin as a binding force (pāśa) that drags the soul (paśu) into painful consequences, and urges careful listening so one can turn toward dharma and Shiva-oriented purification leading to moksha.

By warning of the results of pāpa, it indirectly points to the remedial path upheld in the Purana—turning to Saguna Shiva through linga-worship, repentance, and disciplined conduct to cleanse karma and loosen bondage.

The immediate instruction is attentive śravaṇa (listening) as a sādhana; in the Shiva Purana context this supports later practices like mantra-japa (e.g., Om Namaḥ Śivāya), bhasma/tripuṇḍra, and devotion that counteracts sinful tendencies.