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Shloka 19

Śumbha–Niśumbha-pīḍā and Devastuti to Durgā/Śivā

Names and Forms of the Devī

गत्वा व्याजह्रतुः सर्वं राज्ञे वृत्तान्तमादितः । दृष्टा काचिन्मया पूर्वा नारी राजन्मनोरमा

gatvā vyājahratuḥ sarvaṃ rājñe vṛttāntamāditaḥ | dṛṣṭā kācinmayā pūrvā nārī rājanmanoramā

Having gone there, they reported to the king the entire account from the beginning: “O King, earlier I saw a certain woman—charming and captivating.”

गत्वाhaving gone
गत्वा:
Kriyāviśeṣaṇa (क्रियाविशेषण)
TypeVerb
Rootगम् (धातु)
Formक्त्वान्त अव्ययकृदन्त (Gerund/Absolutive), from √गम्; indeclinable
विapart/fully (prefix)
वि:
Upasarga (उपसर्ग)
TypeIndeclinable
Rootवि (उपसर्ग)
Formउपसर्ग (preverb)
towards/unto (prefix)
:
Upasarga (उपसर्ग)
TypeIndeclinable
Rootआ (उपसर्ग)
Formउपसर्ग (preverb)
जह्रतुःthey related/told
जह्रतुः:
Kriyā (क्रिया)
TypeVerb
Rootहृ (धातु)
Formलिट् (Perfect/परोक्शभूत), प्रथमपुरुष (3rd person), द्विवचन (dual); with उपसर्ग वि+आ
सर्वम्everything
सर्वम्:
Karma (कर्म)
TypeNoun
Rootसर्व (प्रातिपदिक)
Formनपुंसकलिङ्ग (neuter), द्वितीया (Accusative/2nd), एकवचन (singular)
राज्ञेto the king
राज्ञे:
Sampradāna (सम्प्रदान)
TypeNoun
Rootराजन् (प्रातिपदिक)
Formपुंलिङ्ग (masculine), चतुर्थी (Dative/4th), एकवचन (singular)
वृत्तान्तम्the account/news
वृत्तान्तम्:
Karma (कर्म)
TypeNoun
Rootवृत्तान्त (प्रातिपदिक)
Formपुंलिङ्ग (masculine), द्वितीया (Accusative/2nd), एकवचन (singular)
आदितःfrom the beginning
आदितः:
Kriyāviśeṣaṇa (क्रियाविशेषण)
TypeIndeclinable
Rootआदि (प्रातिपदिक)
Formतसिल्-प्रत्ययान्त अव्यय (ablatival adverb), ‘from the beginning’
दृष्टा(she was) seen
दृष्टा:
Kriyā (क्रिया)
TypeVerb
Rootदृश् (धातु)
Formक्त (past passive participle), स्त्रीलिङ्ग (feminine), प्रथमा (Nominative/1st), एकवचन (singular)
काचित्some (woman)
काचित्:
Karta (कर्ता)
TypeNoun
Rootक (प्रातिपदिक)
Formसर्वनाम (pronoun) ‘some’, स्त्रीलिङ्ग, प्रथमा, एकवचन
मयाby me
मया:
Karana (करण)
TypeNoun
Rootअस्मद् (प्रातिपदिक)
Formसर्वनाम (pronoun) 1st person, तृतीया (Instrumental/3rd), एकवचन
पूर्वाearlier/before
पूर्वा:
Viśeṣaṇa (विशेषण)
TypeAdjective
Rootपूर्व (प्रातिपदिक)
Formस्त्रीलिङ्ग, प्रथमा, एकवचन; adjective qualifying ‘नारी’
नारीa woman
नारी:
Karta (कर्ता)
TypeNoun
Rootनारी (प्रातिपदिक)
Formस्त्रीलिङ्ग, प्रथमा, एकवचन
राजन्O king
राजन्:
Sambodhana (सम्बोधन)
TypeNoun
Rootराजन् (प्रातिपदिक)
Formपुंलिङ्ग, सम्बोधन (Vocative/8th), एकवचन
मनोरमाcharming/beautiful
मनोरमा:
Viśeṣaṇa (विशेषण)
TypeAdjective
Rootमनोरमा (प्रातिपदिक)
Formस्त्रीलिङ्ग, प्रथमा, एकवचन; predicate adjective for ‘नारी’

Suta Goswami (narrating the story to the sages, reporting a dialogue spoken to a king)

Tattva Level: pashu

S
Shiva

FAQs

The verse highlights how worldly fascination begins as a “report” to the mind/authority (the king), setting the stage for discernment—an important Shaiva theme where devotion and right understanding must govern sensory attraction.

Though the verse is narrative, it contrasts transient charm with the need to anchor attention in Saguna Shiva (Linga-worship and kathā-śravaṇa), so the seeker does not get carried away by appearances.

Practice mindful restraint and redirect attention to Shiva through japa of the Pañcākṣarī (“Om Namaḥ Śivāya”) and regular Shiva-kathā listening, so reports of sense-objects do not dominate the inner ruler (buddhi).