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Shloka 60

Mahiṣāsura’s Conquest of Svarga and the Devas’ Appeal to Śiva and Viṣṇu

अर्द्धनिष्क्रान्त एवासौ युध्यमानो महाधमः । महासिना शिरो भित्त्वा न्यपाति धरणीतले

arddhaniṣkrānta evāsau yudhyamāno mahādhamaḥ | mahāsinā śiro bhittvā nyapāti dharaṇītale

Even as that vile wretch was only half-emerged, still struggling in battle, his head was split with a great sword, and he fell down upon the surface of the earth.

अर्द्ध-निष्क्रान्तःhalf-emerged
अर्द्ध-निष्क्रान्तः:
Viśeṣaṇa (विशेषण)
TypeAdjective
Rootअर्द्ध (प्रातिपदिक) + निष्क्रान्त (प्रातिपदिक)
Formतत्पुरुष; नि-क्रम् धातोः क्त (PPP); पुंलिङ्ग, प्रथमा, एकवचन
एवindeed
एव:
Sambandha (सम्बन्ध/particle)
TypeIndeclinable
Rootएव (अव्यय)
Formअव्यय; particle (अवधारण)
असौthat one/he
असौ:
Karta (कर्ता)
TypeNoun
Rootअसद्/अदस् (प्रातिपदिक)
Formपुंलिङ्ग, प्रथमा, एकवचन; demonstrative pronoun
युध्यमानःfighting
युध्यमानः:
Viśeṣaṇa (विशेषण)
TypeAdjective
Rootयुध् (धातु)
Formशतृ (present active participle/शतृ), आत्मनेपद-भावार्थ; पुंलिङ्ग, प्रथमा, एकवचन
महाधमःthe great wretch
महाधमः:
Karta (कर्ता)
TypeNoun
Rootमह (प्रातिपदिक) + अधम (प्रातिपदिक)
Formकर्मधारय; पुंलिङ्ग, प्रथमा, एकवचन
महासिनाwith a great sword
महासिना:
Karaṇa (करण)
TypeNoun
Rootमहा (प्रातिपदिक) + असि (प्रातिपदिक)
Formकर्मधारय; पुंलिङ्ग, तृतीया (Instrumental), एकवचन
शिरःthe head
शिरः:
Karma (कर्म)
TypeNoun
Rootशिरस् (प्रातिपदिक)
Formनपुंसकलिङ्ग, द्वितीया (2nd), एकवचन
भित्त्वाhaving split
भित्त्वा:
Pūrvakāla-kriyā (पूर्वकालक्रिया)
TypeIndeclinable
Rootभिद् (धातु)
Formक्त्वा-प्रत्ययान्त अव्यय (gerund); ‘having split’
न्यपातिfell down
न्यपाति:
Kriyā (क्रिया)
TypeVerb
Rootनि-अव-पत् (धातु)
Formलङ् (Imperfect), परस्मैपद, प्रथमपुरुष, एकवचन; ‘fell down’
धरणी-तलेon the ground
धरणी-तले:
Adhikaraṇa (अधिकरण)
TypeNoun
Rootधरणी (प्रातिपदिक) + तल (प्रातिपदिक)
Formसप्तमी-तत्पुरुष; नपुंसकलिङ्ग, सप्तमी (Locative/सप्तमी), एकवचन

Suta Goswami (narrating the battle episode to the sages of Naimisharanya)

Tattva Level: pati

Shiva Form: Durgā

Shakti Form: Durgā

Role: destructive

FAQs

It portrays the inevitable fall of adharma: even when the wicked appear to rise, divine order (dharma upheld under Shiva’s sovereignty as Pati) cuts down arrogance and violence, reminding seekers to conquer inner hostility and ego.

As Saguna Shiva is revered as the protector of dharma and remover of obstacles, this battle-image supports devotional contemplation of Shiva’s active grace—destroying the forces that oppose spiritual progress—while the Linga signifies that same supreme reality beyond form.

Contemplate Shiva as the inner destroyer of negativity while japa of the Panchakshara (Om Namaḥ Śivāya) is performed; as a practical takeaway, maintain purity through Tripuṇḍra (bhasma) and steady mantra-discipline to “cut” anger, pride, and cruelty.