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Shloka 19

Umā-caritra-prārthanā: Ṛṣayaḥ Sūtaṃ Pṛcchanti

Request for the Account of Umā

स राजा स्वपुरीमेत्याकरोद्राज्यं स्वमंत्रिभिः । तत्रापि च महःपक्षैर्विपक्षैस्स पराजितः

sa rājā svapurīmetyākarodrājyaṃ svamaṃtribhiḥ | tatrāpi ca mahaḥpakṣairvipakṣaissa parājitaḥ

That king returned to his own city and, with his ministers, set his realm in proper order. Yet even there he was overcome by powerful opposing factions and rival parties.

सःhe
सः:
कर्ता (Karta/Subject)
TypeNoun
Rootतद् (सर्वनाम-प्रातिपदिक)
Formपुंलिङ्ग, प्रथमा (1st/Nominative), एकवचन; सर्वनाम
राजाking
राजा:
कर्ता (Karta/Subject)
TypeNoun
Rootराजन् (प्रातिपदिक)
Formपुंलिङ्ग, प्रथमा (1st/Nominative), एकवचन
स्वown
स्व:
सम्बन्ध (Sambandha/Genitival relation)
TypeAdjective
Rootस्व (प्रातिपदिक)
Formपुं/नपुंसक-प्रयोग; अत्र समासपूर्वपदत्वेन (as prior member) ‘own’
पुरीम्city
पुरीम्:
कर्म (Karma/Object)
TypeNoun
Rootपुरी (प्रातिपदिक)
Formस्त्रीलिङ्ग, द्वितीया (2nd/Accusative), एकवचन
इत्यthus / having said (marker)
इत्य:
सम्बन्ध (Discourse marker)
TypeIndeclinable
Rootइति (अव्यय)
Formनिपात (particle); गत्यर्थक-क्रियायाः सह ‘इति’→‘इत्य’ (before vowel)
अकरोत्made / did
अकरोत्:
क्रिया (Kriyā/Verb)
TypeVerb
Rootकृ (धातु)
Formलङ् (Imperfect), परस्मैपद, प्रथमपुरुष (3rd person), एकवचन
राज्यम्kingdom, rule
राज्यम्:
कर्म (Karma/Object)
TypeNoun
Rootराज्य (प्रातिपदिक)
Formनपुंसकलिङ्ग, द्वितीया (2nd/Accusative), एकवचन
स्वhis own
स्व:
विशेषण (Viśeṣaṇa/Qualifier)
TypeAdjective
Rootस्व (प्रातिपदिक)
Formनपुंसकलिङ्ग, द्वितीया, एकवचन; ‘राज्यम्’ विशेषण
मन्त्रिभिःwith (his) ministers
मन्त्रिभिः:
करण (Karaṇa/Instrument)
TypeNoun
Rootमन्त्रिन् (प्रातिपदिक)
Formपुंलिङ्ग, तृतीया (3rd/Instrumental), बहुवचन
तत्रthere
तत्र:
अधिकरण (Adhikaraṇa/Location)
TypeIndeclinable
Rootतत्र (अव्यय)
Formअव्यय; देशवाचक क्रियाविशेषण (locative adverb)
अपिalso / even
अपि:
सम्बन्ध (Particle)
TypeIndeclinable
Rootअपि (अव्यय)
Formनिपात (particle)
and
:
सम्बन्ध (Conjunction)
TypeIndeclinable
Rootच (अव्यय)
Formसमुच्चयबोधक अव्यय (conjunction)
महःपक्षैःby powerful factions
महःपक्षैः:
करण (Karaṇa/Instrument)
TypeNoun
Rootमहः + पक्ष (प्रातिपदिक); समास
Formपुंलिङ्ग, तृतीया (3rd/Instrumental), बहुवचन; षष्ठी-तत्पुरुषः (mahaḥ = great/strong + pakṣa = faction)
विपक्षैःby opponents
विपक्षैः:
करण (Karaṇa/Instrument)
TypeNoun
Rootविपक्ष (प्रातिपदिक)
Formपुंलिङ्ग, तृतीया (3rd/Instrumental), बहुवचन
सःhim
सः:
कर्म (Karma/Object)
TypeNoun
Rootतद् (सर्वनाम-प्रातिपदिक)
Formपुंलिङ्ग, प्रथमा, एकवचन; सर्वनाम
पराजितःdefeated
पराजितः:
कर्तृसम्बन्धी विशेषण (Predicate adjective)
TypeAdjective
Rootपराजित (कृदन्त-प्रातिपदिक; √जि धातु, क्त)
Formपुंलिङ्ग, प्रथमा, एकवचन; भूतकर्मणि कृदन्त (past passive participle)

Suta Goswami (narrating the Purana to the sages at Naimisharanya)

Tattva Level: pashu

Shiva Form: Sadāśiva

FAQs

It highlights the instability of worldly sovereignty: even after returning and reorganizing his rule, the king is overcome by opposing forces—an illustration of how saṃsāric power is subject to changing karmic conditions and bondage (pāśa), urging reliance on Shiva (Pati) rather than egoic control.

By showing the fragility of external rule, the verse implicitly redirects the seeker toward Saguna Shiva worship—steadiness gained through devotion, dharma, and surrender at the Linga—because inner sovereignty arises from alignment with Shiva, not from factional worldly support.

A practical takeaway is to stabilize the mind through daily japa of the Panchākṣarī mantra ("Om Namaḥ Śivāya") and simple Linga-upāsanā, cultivating detachment from victory-defeat and anchoring one’s will in Shiva.