Shloka 18

Umā-caritra-prārthanā: Ṛṣayaḥ Sūtaṃ Pṛcchanti

Request for the Account of Umā

Devanagari script

युद्धे स निर्जितो भूपः प्रबलैस्तैर्द्विषद्गणैः । उज्जासितच्च कोलाया हृत्वा राज्यमशेषतः

Transliteration

yuddhe sa nirjito bhūpaḥ prabalaistairdviṣadgaṇaiḥ | ujjāsitacca kolāyā hṛtvā rājyamaśeṣataḥ

Translation

In battle that king was defeated by those powerful hosts of enemies; and, having driven him out, they seized the entire kingdom without remainder.

Word by Word

• युद्धे: in battle
• युद्धे: Adhikarana (अधिकरण)
• Type: Noun
• Root: युद्ध (प्रातिपदिक)
• Form: नपुंसकलिङ्ग, सप्तमी विभक्ति, एकवचन

• सः: he
• सः: Karta (कर्ता)
• Type: Noun
• Root: तद् (सर्वनाम-प्रातिपदिक)
• Form: पुंलिङ्ग, प्रथमा विभक्ति, एकवचन

• निर्जितः: defeated
• निर्जितः: Karta (कर्ता)
• Type: Adjective
• Root: नि√जि (धातु) + क्त (कृत् प्रत्यय)
• Form: पुंलिङ्ग, प्रथमा विभक्ति, एकवचन; क्त-प्रत्ययान्त भूतकर्मणि कृदन्त (past passive participle)

• भूपः: the king
• भूपः: Karta (कर्ता)
• Type: Noun
• Root: भूप (प्रातिपदिक)
• Form: पुंलिङ्ग, प्रथमा विभक्ति, एकवचन

• प्रबलैः: strong; mighty
• प्रबलैः: Visheshana (विशेषण)
• Type: Adjective
• Root: प्रबल (प्रातिपदिक)
• Form: पुंलिङ्ग, तृतीया विभक्ति, बहुवचन; विशेषण (द्विषद्गणैः)

• तैः: by them
• तैः: Karana (करण)
• Type: Noun
• Root: तद् (सर्वनाम-प्रातिपदिक)
• Form: पुंलिङ्ग, तृतीया विभक्ति, बहुवचन

• द्विषद्-गणैः: by the groups of enemies
• द्विषद्-गणैः: Karana (करण)
• Type: Noun
• Root: द्विषद् (प्रातिपदिक) + गण (प्रातिपदिक)
• Form: पुंलिङ्ग, तृतीया विभक्ति, बहुवचन; समासः—तत्पुरुषः (द्विषतां गणाः)

• उज्जासितत्: driven out; expelled
• उज्जासितत्: Kriya (क्रिया/परिणाम)
• Type: Adjective
• Root: उद् + √जस्/जास् (धातु) + क्त (कृत् प्रत्यय)
• Form: नपुंसकलिङ्ग, प्रथमा/द्वितीया विभक्ति, एकवचन; क्त-प्रत्ययान्त कृदन्त; अर्थः—उत्सारितम्/निर्गमितम् (driven out)

• च: and
• च: Sambandha (सम्बन्ध)
• Type: Indeclinable
• Root: च (अव्यय)
• Form: अव्यय, समुच्चयबोधक (conjunction)

• कोलायाः: from Kolā (city)
• कोलायाः: Apadana (अपादान)
• Type: Noun
• Root: कोला (प्रातिपदिक)
• Form: स्त्रीलिङ्ग, षष्ठी विभक्ति, एकवचन

• हृत्वा: having taken away
• हृत्वा: Purvakala-kriya (पूर्वकालक्रिया)
• Type: Verb
• Root: √हृ (धातु)
• Form: क्त्वा-प्रत्ययान्त अव्ययकृदन्त (gerund/absolutive), पूर्वक्रिया (having done)

• राज्यम्: kingdom
• राज्यम्: Karma (कर्म)
• Type: Noun
• Root: राज्य (प्रातिपदिक)
• Form: नपुंसकलिङ्ग, द्वितीया विभक्ति, एकवचन

• अशेषतः: completely; entirely
• अशेषतः: Kriya-visheshana (क्रियाविशेषण)
• Type: Indeclinable
• Root: अशेषतः (अव्यय)
• Form: अव्यय, क्रियाविशेषण (adverb)

Speaker

Suta Goswami (narrating the Purāṇic account to the sages, inferred from Shiva Purana discourse style in Umāsaṃhitā)

Shaiva Theology

Tattva Level: pasha

Shiva Form: Kālāntaka

Characters & Entities

• King
• Enemies

FAQs

What is the spiritual significance of this verse in the Shiva Purana?

It highlights the impermanence of worldly power: kingship can be overturned by hostile forces, urging the seeker to take refuge in Pati (Lord Shiva) rather than in transient status, and to turn adversity into detachment and devotion.

How does this verse relate to the worship of the Linga or Saguna Shiva?

By showing the fragility of external sovereignty, the narrative implicitly points to Saguna Shiva (worshiped as the Linga) as the stable refuge—devotion and surrender to Shiva remain when possessions, territory, and authority are lost.

What ritualistic or meditative practice is suggested here?

A practical takeaway is to intensify Shiva-smarana during crisis—japa of the Panchakshara (Om Namaḥ Śivāya) and steady daily worship (Linga-archana with bhasma and rudraksha, if one follows that discipline) to cultivate vairagya and inner steadiness.