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Shloka 20

Pitṛbhakti and Śrāddha: The Classification of Pitṛs and the Superiority of Pitṛ-kārya

उपयुज्य च गां सर्वे गुरोस्तस्य न्यवेदयन् । शार्दूलेन हता धेनुर्वत्सा वै गृह्यतामिति

upayujya ca gāṃ sarve gurostasya nyavedayan | śārdūlena hatā dhenurvatsā vai gṛhyatāmiti

After making use of the cow’s service, they all reported the matter to their teacher: “The milch-cow has been killed by a tiger; therefore, let the calf be taken in and cared for.”

upayujyahaving used/employed
upayujya:
Kriyāviśeṣaṇa (क्रियाविशेषण)
TypeVerb
Rootupa-yuj (धातु)
FormAbsolutive/Gerund (क्त्वान्त/ल्यप्), from उप+युज्; indeclinable verbal form; ‘having used/employed’
caand
ca:
Sambandha (सम्बन्ध/connector)
TypeIndeclinable
Rootca (अव्यय)
FormConjunction/particle (समुच्चयबोधक अव्यय)
gāmcow
gām:
Karma (कर्म)
TypeNoun
Rootgo (प्रातिपदिक)
FormFeminine (स्त्रीलिङ्ग), Accusative (2nd/द्वितीया), Singular (एकवचन)
sarveall (of them)
sarve:
Karta (कर्ता)
TypeNoun
Rootsarva (प्रातिपदिक)
FormMasculine (पुंलिङ्ग), Nominative (1st/प्रथमा), Plural (बहुवचन)
guroḥof the teacher
guroḥ:
Sambandha/Śeṣa (सम्बन्ध/षष्ठी)
TypeNoun
Rootguru (प्रातिपदिक)
FormMasculine (पुंलिङ्ग), Genitive (6th/षष्ठी), Singular (एकवचन)
tasyaof him/that
tasya:
Sambandha/Śeṣa (सम्बन्ध/षष्ठी)
TypeNoun
Roottad (सर्वनाम-प्रातिपदिक)
FormMasculine/Neuter (पुं/नपुंसक), Genitive (6th/षष्ठी), Singular (एकवचन)
nyavedayanthey informed/reported
nyavedayan:
Kriyā (क्रिया)
TypeVerb
Rootni-√vid (धातु)
FormImperfect (लङ्), Parasmaipada (परस्मैपद), 3rd person (प्रथमपुरुष), Plural (बहुवचन); causative/denominative sense ‘to inform/submit’ (न्यवेदयन् = they reported)
śārdūlenaby a tiger
śārdūlena:
Karaṇa (करण)
TypeNoun
Rootśārdūla (प्रातिपदिक)
FormMasculine (पुंलिङ्ग), Instrumental (3rd/तृतीया), Singular (एकवचन)
hatākilled
hatā:
Kriyāviśeṣaṇa (क्रियाविशेषण/participial predicate)
TypeVerb
Roothan (धातु)
FormPast passive participle (क्त), Feminine (स्त्रीलिङ्ग), Nominative (1st/प्रथमा), Singular (एकवचन); agrees with ‘dhenuḥ’
dhenuḥthe cow
dhenuḥ:
Karta (कर्ता) / subject of passive state
TypeNoun
Rootdhenu (प्रातिपदिक)
FormFeminine (स्त्रीलिङ्ग), Nominative (1st/प्रथमा), Singular (एकवचन)
vatsāḥthe calves
vatsāḥ:
Karta (कर्ता) (of implied ‘be taken’)
TypeNoun
Rootvatsa (प्रातिपदिक)
FormMasculine (पुंलिङ्ग), Nominative (1st/प्रथमा), Plural (बहुवचन)
vaiindeed
vai:
Sambandha (सम्बन्ध/particle)
TypeIndeclinable
Rootvai (अव्यय)
FormEmphatic particle (निश्चयार्थक/खल्वर्थक अव्यय)
gṛhyatāmlet (them) be taken
gṛhyatām:
Kriyā (क्रिया)
TypeVerb
Rootgrah (धातु)
FormImperative (लोट्), Ātmanepada (आत्मनेपद), 3rd person (प्रथमपुरुष), Singular (एकवचन); passive-style command ‘let (them) be taken’
itithus
iti:
Vākyaparicchedaka (वाक्यपरिच्छेदक)
TypeIndeclinable
Rootiti (अव्यय)
FormQuotative particle (इति-प्रयोगः) marking reported speech

Suta Goswami (narrating the Uma-saṃhitā account to the sages of Naimiṣāraṇya)

Tattva Level: pashu

Shiva Form: Mahākāla

G
Guru
C
Cow (Dhenu)
C
Calf (Vatsa)
T
Tiger (Śārdūla)

FAQs

It highlights dharma expressed as responsibility and compassion: when support is lost (the cow), one must still protect what remains (the calf), reflecting Shaiva ethics of right conduct that purifies the pashu (bound soul) and prepares it for Shiva’s grace.

While not naming the Liṅga directly, the verse supports Saguna Shiva devotion by emphasizing dharmic living—care, truthfulness, and accountability to the guru—which the Purana treats as the practical foundation that makes ritual worship fruitful and grace-bearing.

The implied practice is dharma-sādhana: truthful reporting, service to the guru, and compassionate protection of dependents; this can be paired with simple Shaiva daily observances like japa of the Pañcākṣarī (Om Namaḥ Śivāya) while cultivating non-harm and responsibility.