Shloka 31

Saṃjñā–Chāyā Upākhyāna: Sūrya-tejas, Substitution, and the Birth of Manu, Yama, and Yamunā

Devanagari script

कृतं कांततरं रूपं त्वष्ट्रा तच्छुशुभे तदा । ततोभियोगमास्थाय स्वां भार्य्यां हि ददर्श ह

Transliteration

kṛtaṃ kāṃtataraṃ rūpaṃ tvaṣṭrā tacchuśubhe tadā | tatobhiyogamāsthāya svāṃ bhāryyāṃ hi dadarśa ha

Translation

Then Tvaṣṭṛ fashioned a form of even greater beauty, and it shone splendidly. Thereupon, moved by intense longing, he beheld his own wife.

Word by Word

• कृतम्: made
• कृतम्: Viśeṣaṇa (विशेषण)
• Type: Adjective
• Root: कृ (धातु)
• Form: क्त (past passive participle), नपुंसकलिङ्ग, प्रथमा/द्वितीया, एकवचन; ‘made/done’

• कान्ततरम्: more beautiful
• कान्ततरम्: Viśeṣaṇa (विशेषण)
• Type: Adjective
• Root: कान्त (प्रातिपदिक)
• Form: तुलनात्मक-प्रत्यय: तर (comparative), नपुंसकलिङ्ग, प्रथमा/द्वितीया, एकवचन; ‘more beautiful’

• रूपम्: form
• रूपम्: Karta (कर्ता)
• Type: Noun
• Root: रूप (प्रातिपदिक)
• Form: नपुंसकलिङ्ग, प्रथमा-विभक्ति, एकवचन

• त्वष्ट्रा: by Tvaṣṭṛ (the divine artisan)
• त्वष्ट्रा: Karta (कर्ता)
• Type: Noun
• Root: त्वष्टृ (प्रातिपदिक)
• Form: पुंलिङ्ग, तृतीया-विभक्ति (करण/कर्ता-निर्देश), एकवचन

• तत्: that
• तत्: Viśeṣaṇa (विशेषण)
• Type: Adjective
• Root: तद् (सर्वनाम-प्रातिपदिक)
• Form: नपुंसकलिङ्ग, प्रथमा/द्वितीया, एकवचन; ‘that’

• शुशुभे: shone
• शुशुभे: Kriyā (क्रिया)
• Type: Verb
• Root: शुभ् (धातु)
• Form: लिट् (Perfect), प्रथमपुरुष, एकवचन, आत्मनेपद; ‘shone/was splendid’

• तदा: then
• तदा: Kālādhi karaṇa (कालाधिकरण)
• Type: Indeclinable
• Root: तदा (अव्यय)
• Form: कालवाचक अव्यय (adverb of time)

• ततः: thereupon
• ततः: Kriyāviśeṣaṇa (क्रियाविशेषण)
• Type: Indeclinable
• Root: ततः (अव्यय)
• Form: अव्यय, ‘thereupon’

• अभियोगम्: accusation/charge
• अभियोगम्: Karma (कर्म)
• Type: Noun
• Root: अभियोग (प्रातिपदिक)
• Form: पुंलिङ्ग, द्वितीया-विभक्ति, एकवचन

• आस्थाय: having undertaken
• आस्थाय: Kriyāviśeṣaṇa (क्रियाविशेषण)
• Type: Verb
• Root: आ-स्था (धातु)
• Form: क्त्वान्त (absolutive), ‘having resorted to/undertaken’

• स्वाम्: his own
• स्वाम्: Viśeṣaṇa (विशेषण)
• Type: Adjective
• Root: स्व (सर्वनाम-प्रातिपदिक)
• Form: स्त्रीलिङ्ग, द्वितीया-विभक्ति, एकवचन; ‘one’s own’

• भार्याम्: wife
• भार्याम्: Karma (कर्म)
• Type: Noun
• Root: भार्या (प्रातिपदिक)
• Form: स्त्रीलिङ्ग, द्वितीया-विभक्ति, एकवचन

• हि: indeed/for
• हि: Sambandha/Emphasis (निपात)
• Type: Indeclinable
• Root: हि (अव्यय)
• Form: निपात (particle), हेत्वर्थ/निश्चयार्थ

• ददर्श: he saw
• ददर्श: Kriyā (क्रिया)
• Type: Verb
• Root: दृश् (धातु)
• Form: लिट् (Perfect), प्रथमपुरुष, एकवचन, परस्मैपद; ‘saw’

• ह: (emphatic particle)
• ह: Sambandha/Emphasis (निपात)
• Type: Indeclinable
• Root: ह (अव्यय)
• Form: निपात (particle), कथन-समाप्ति/अनुस्मरणार्थ

Speaker

Suta Goswami

Shaiva Theology

Tattva Level: pashu

Shakti Dimension

Role: creative

Characters & Entities

• Tvaṣṭṛ

FAQs

What is the spiritual significance of this verse in the Shiva Purana?

It highlights how heightened beauty can intensify desire, pointing to the Shaiva Siddhanta insight that attachment (a form of pāśa/bondage) arises when consciousness turns outward; liberation requires redirecting attention toward Pati (Shiva) rather than sense-driven impulse.

How does this verse relate to the worship of the Linga or Saguna Shiva?

By contrasting sense-attraction with inner steadiness, it implicitly supports Saguna Shiva worship—fixing the mind on Shiva’s auspicious form in the Liṅga—so the same mental force that fuels longing is purified into bhakti and one-pointedness.

What ritualistic or meditative practice is suggested here?

A practical takeaway is desire-restraint supported by japa of the Pañcākṣarī (“Om Namaḥ Śivāya”) and steady dhyāna on the Shiva-liṅga, using daily discipline to transform agitation into devotion.