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Shloka 3

Saṃjñā–Chāyā Upākhyāna: Sūrya-tejas, Substitution, and the Birth of Manu, Yama, and Yamunā

आदित्यस्य हि तद्रूपमसहिष्णुस्तु तेजसः । दह्यमाना तदोद्वेगमकरोद्वरवर्णिनी

ādityasya hi tadrūpamasahiṣṇustu tejasaḥ | dahyamānā tadodvegamakarodvaravarṇinī

Unable to endure the blazing radiance of the Sun in that form, the fair-complexioned lady—burned by its heat—became agitated and distressed.

आदित्यस्यof the Sun (Āditya)
आदित्यस्य:
Sambandha (सम्बन्ध/of)
TypeNoun
Rootāditya (प्रातिपदिक)
FormMasculine (पुंलिङ्ग), Genitive (6th/षष्ठी), Singular (एकवचन)
हिindeed
हि:
Sambandha (सम्बन्ध/particle)
TypeIndeclinable
Roothi (अव्यय)
FormAvyaya (अव्यय), emphatic/causal particle (निपात)
तत्that
तत्:
Visheshana (विशेषण)
TypeAdjective
Roottad (सर्वनाम-प्रातिपदिक)
FormPronoun used adjectivally; Neuter (नपुंसकलिङ्ग), Nominative (1st/प्रथमा), Singular (एकवचन); qualifying रूपम्
रूपम्form
रूपम्:
Karta (कर्ता/subject)
TypeNoun
Rootrūpa (प्रातिपदिक)
FormNeuter (नपुंसकलिङ्ग), Nominative (1st/प्रथमा), Singular (एकवचन)
असहिष्णुःintolerable
असहिष्णुः:
Pratipadya (प्रातिपद्य/predicate complement)
TypeAdjective
Roota-sahiṣṇu (प्रातिपदिक)
FormMasculine (पुंलिङ्ग), Nominative (1st/प्रथमा), Singular (एकवचन); predicate adjective of रूपम् (understood as 'was intolerable')
तुbut
तु:
Sambandha (सम्बन्ध/particle)
TypeIndeclinable
Roottu (अव्यय)
FormAvyaya (अव्यय), adversative particle (तु-निपात)
तेजसःof (his) radiance/heat
तेजसः:
Sambandha (सम्बन्ध/of radiance)
TypeNoun
Roottejas (प्रातिपदिक)
FormNeuter (नपुंसकलिङ्ग), Genitive (6th/षष्ठी), Singular (एकवचन)
दह्यमानाbeing scorched/burnt
दह्यमाना:
Karta (कर्ता/subject—she, being burnt)
TypeVerb
Rootdah (धातु) + śānac (शानच्)
FormPresent passive participle (शानच्-कृदन्त; कर्मणि), Feminine (स्त्रीलिङ्ग), Nominative (1st/प्रथमा), Singular (एकवचन)
तदाthen
तदा:
Adhikarana (अधिकरण/time)
TypeIndeclinable
Roottadā (अव्यय)
FormAvyaya (अव्यय), adverb of time (कालवाचक)
उद्वेगम्agitation, distress
उद्वेगम्:
Karma (कर्म/object)
TypeNoun
Rootudvega (प्रातिपदिक)
FormMasculine (पुंलिङ्ग), Accusative (2nd/द्वितीया), Singular (एकवचन)
अकरोत्made/caused
अकरोत्:
Kriya (क्रिया/predicate)
TypeVerb
Rootkṛ (धातु)
FormImperfect (लङ्), 3rd person (प्रथमपुरुष), Singular (एकवचन), Parasmaipada (परस्मैपद)
वर-वर्णिनीthe fair/beautiful-complexioned lady
वर-वर्णिनी:
Karta (कर्ता/subject)
TypeAdjective
Rootvara (प्रातिपदिक) + varṇinī (प्रातिपदिक)
FormKarmadhāraya (कर्मधारय) compound; Feminine (स्त्रीलिङ्ग), Nominative (1st/प्रथमा), Singular (एकवचन); epithet of the subject (Saṃjñā)

Suta Goswami

Tattva Level: pasha

S
Surya (Aditya)
P
Parvati (Uma)

FAQs

It highlights the intensity of tejas (spiritual radiance) and the need for steadiness in tapas; agitation arises when the embodied being cannot yet sustain higher energies, pointing to gradual purification on the path to Shiva.

The verse contrasts overwhelming cosmic radiance with the devotee’s capacity; Saguna Shiva worship (Linga, mantra, and disciplined devotion) provides an accessible, stabilizing focus through which the seeker becomes fit to approach subtler, more intense divine realities.

Cultivate steadiness through japa of the Panchakshara (Om Namaḥ Śivāya) and regular Tripuṇḍra (bhasma) application to cool and stabilize the mind while pursuing disciplined tapas.