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Shloka 21

Saṃjñā–Chāyā Upākhyāna: Sūrya-tejas, Substitution, and the Birth of Manu, Yama, and Yamunā

सवितोवाच । असंशयं पुत्र महद्भविष्यत्यत्र कारणम् । येन त्वामाविशत्क्रोधो धर्मज्ञं सत्यवादिनम्

savitovāca | asaṃśayaṃ putra mahadbhaviṣyatyatra kāraṇam | yena tvāmāviśatkrodho dharmajñaṃ satyavādinam

Savita said: “Undoubtedly, my son, there is a great cause behind this. For what reason did anger enter you—one who knows dharma and speaks the truth?”

सविताSavitṛ (the Sun-god)
सविता:
Karta (कर्ता/Subject)
TypeNoun
Rootसवितृ (प्रातिपदिक)
Formपुंलिङ्ग, प्रथमा (1st/Nominative), एकवचन (Singular)
उवाचsaid
उवाच:
Kriyā (क्रिया/Verbal action)
TypeVerb
Rootवच् (धातु)
Formलिट् (Perfect), प्रथमपुरुष (3rd person), एकवचन (Singular), परस्मैपद
असंशयम्undoubtedly
असंशयम्:
Kriyāviśeṣaṇa (क्रियाविशेषण/Adverbial)
TypeIndeclinable
Rootअसंशय (प्रातिपदिक)
Formअव्यय (Adverb)
पुत्रO son
पुत्र:
Sambodhana (सम्बोधन/Address)
TypeNoun
Rootपुत्र (प्रातिपदिक)
Formपुंलिङ्ग, सम्बोधन (8th/Vocative), एकवचन
महत्great
महत्:
Viśeṣaṇa (विशेषण/Qualifier)
TypeAdjective
Rootमहत् (प्रातिपदिक)
Formनपुंसकलिङ्ग, प्रथमा (1st/Nominative), एकवचन; विशेषण (adjective) to ‘कारणम्’
भविष्यतिwill be
भविष्यति:
Kriyā (क्रिया)
TypeVerb
Rootभू (धातु)
Formलृट् (Simple Future), प्रथमपुरुष (3rd person), एकवचन, परस्मैपद
अत्रhere/in this matter
अत्र:
Adhikaraṇa (अधिकरण/Location)
TypeIndeclinable
Rootअत्र (अव्यय)
Formअव्यय (Adverb of place)
कारणम्cause/reason
कारणम्:
Karta (कर्ता/Subject complement)
TypeNoun
Rootकारण (प्रातिपदिक)
Formनपुंसकलिङ्ग, प्रथमा (1st/Nominative), एकवचन
येनby which/whereby
येन:
Karaṇa (करण/Instrument)
TypeNoun
Rootयद् (सर्वनाम-प्रातिपदिक)
Formपुं/नपुंसकलिङ्ग, तृतीया (3rd/Instrumental), एकवचन; सम्बन्धे हेतु-निर्देश (by which/whereby)
त्वाम्you
त्वाम्:
Karma (कर्म/Object)
TypeNoun
Rootयुष्मद् (सर्वनाम-प्रातिपदिक)
Formद्वितीया (2nd/Accusative), एकवचन
आविशत्entered/possessed
आविशत्:
Kriyā (क्रिया)
TypeVerb
Rootआ-विश् (धातु)
Formलङ् (Imperfect/Past), प्रथमपुरुष (3rd person), एकवचन, परस्मैपद
क्रोधःanger
क्रोधः:
Karta (कर्ता/Subject)
TypeNoun
Rootक्रोध (प्रातिपदिक)
Formपुंलिङ्ग, प्रथमा (1st/Nominative), एकवचन
धर्मज्ञम्knower of dharma
धर्मज्ञम्:
Viśeṣaṇa (विशेषण)
TypeAdjective
Rootधर्मज्ञ (प्रातिपदिक)
Formसमास: धर्म + ज्ञ (तत्पुरुष); पुंलिङ्ग, द्वितीया (2nd/Accusative), एकवचन; विशेषण to ‘त्वाम्’
सत्यवादिनम्truth-speaker
सत्यवादिनम्:
Viśeṣaṇa (विशेषण)
TypeAdjective
Rootसत्यवादिन् (प्रातिपदिक)
Formसमास: सत्य + वादिन् (तत्पुरुष); पुंलिङ्ग, द्वितीया (2nd/Accusative), एकवचन; विशेषण to ‘त्वाम्’

Savita (Savitā)

Tattva Level: pashu

Role: teaching

FAQs

The verse highlights krodha (anger) as a powerful inner force that can momentarily overtake even a dharmajña and satyavādin; in Shaiva Siddhanta this indicates a pasha (bond) that must be purified through discipline, devotion, and right understanding so the pashu may turn toward Pati (Shiva).

By questioning the entry of anger, the text points to inner purification as essential to Shiva-worship: honoring the Linga is not only external ritual but also the calming of passions so the devotee’s mind becomes fit to contemplate Saguna Shiva and ultimately the supreme Pati.

A practical takeaway is japa of the Panchakshara (“Om Namaḥ Śivāya”) with breath-awareness to cool anger, along with Tripuṇḍra-bhasma and rudrāksha as reminders of restraint, forgiveness (kṣamā), and truthfulness (satya).