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Shloka 58

Kālajñāna (Knowledge of Time) and Mṛtyu-cihna (Signs of Death): Śiva’s Instruction to Umā

द्वादशेन प्रवाहेण वर्षमेकं स जीवति । मासान् सप्त विजानीयात्षड्घस्रांश्चाप्युदाहरेत्

dvādaśena pravāheṇa varṣamekaṃ sa jīvati | māsān sapta vijānīyātṣaḍghasrāṃścāpyudāharet

By the twelvefold flow of the vital current (prāṇa), a being lives for one year. Know further that it is reckoned as seven months, and it is also spoken of as six thousand units in count.

द्वादशेनby twelve (units)
द्वादशेन:
करण (Instrument/करण)
TypeAdjective
Rootद्वादश (प्रातिपदिक)
Formनपुंसकलिङ्ग/पुंलिङ्ग (प्रयोगानुसार), तृतीया (3rd/Instrumental), एकवचन; संख्यावाचक-विशेषण
प्रवाहेणby the flow/sequence
प्रवाहेण:
करण (Instrument/करण)
TypeNoun
Rootप्रवाह (प्रातिपदिक)
Formपुंलिङ्ग, तृतीया (3rd/Instrumental), एकवचन
वर्षम्a year
वर्षम्:
कर्म (Object/कर्म)
TypeNoun
Rootवर्ष (प्रातिपदिक)
Formनपुंसकलिङ्ग, द्वितीया (2nd/Accusative), एकवचन
एकम्one
एकम्:
विशेषण (Qualifier/विशेषण)
TypeAdjective
Rootएक (प्रातिपदिक)
Formनपुंसकलिङ्ग, द्वितीया, एकवचन; संख्यावाचक-विशेषण (वर्षम्)
सःhe
सः:
कर्ता (Subject/कर्ता)
TypeNoun
Rootतद् (सर्वनाम-प्रातिपदिक)
Formपुंलिङ्ग, प्रथमा (1st/Nominative), एकवचन; सर्वनाम
जीवतिlives
जीवति:
क्रिया (Verb/क्रिया)
TypeVerb
Root√जीव् (धातु, जीवने)
Formलट् (Present), प्रथमपुरुष (3rd person), एकवचन; परस्मैपद
मासान्months
मासान्:
कर्म (Object/कर्म)
TypeNoun
Rootमास (प्रातिपदिक)
Formपुंलिङ्ग, द्वितीया (2nd/Accusative), बहुवचन
सप्तseven
सप्त:
विशेषण (Qualifier/विशेषण)
TypeAdjective
Rootसप्त (अव्यय/संख्याशब्द)
Formसंख्यावाचक (indeclinable numeral)
विजानीयात्should know/should ascertain
विजानीयात्:
क्रिया (Verb/क्रिया)
TypeVerb
Rootवि-√ज्ञा (धातु, ज्ञाने)
Formविधिलिङ् (Optative), प्रथमपुरुष, एकवचन; परस्मैपद; उपसर्ग: वि
षट्six
षट्:
विशेषण (Qualifier/विशेषण)
TypeAdjective
Rootषट् (अव्यय/संख्याशब्द)
Formसंख्यावाचक (indeclinable numeral)
घस्रान्(units called) ghasras/days
घस्रान्:
कर्म (Object/कर्म)
TypeNoun
Rootघस्र (प्रातिपदिक)
Formपुंलिङ्ग, द्वितीया (2nd/Accusative), बहुवचन
and
:
समुच्चय (Connector/समुच्चय)
TypeIndeclinable
Rootच (अव्यय)
Formसमुच्चयबोधक-अव्यय
अपिalso
अपि:
सम्बन्ध/निपात (Particle)
TypeIndeclinable
Rootअपि (अव्यय)
Formसम्भावना/समुच्चयार्थक-अव्यय (also/even)
उदाहरेत्should state/mention
उदाहरेत्:
क्रिया (Verb/क्रिया)
TypeVerb
Rootउद्-आ-√हृ (धातु, उच्चारणे/कथने)
Formविधिलिङ् (Optative), प्रथमपुरुष, एकवचन; परस्मैपद; उपसर्ग: उद्, आ

Lord Shiva (teaching Umā/Parvatī in the Umāsaṃhitā’s philosophical discourse)

Tattva Level: pashu

Shiva Form: Dakṣiṇāmūrti

Shakti Form: Pārvatī

Role: teaching

S
Shiva
P
Parvati

FAQs

It frames embodied life as governed by measurable prāṇic flow and time, pointing the seeker toward mastery of prāṇa and detachment from mere lifespan-counting—turning attention to Pati (Shiva) as the liberator beyond time.

By revealing life’s dependence on inner currents, the text directs devotion inward: Linga-worship is not only external ritual but also steadying prāṇa and mind, offering the life-force itself to Saguna Shiva and realizing His presence as the inner Lord.

Prāṇāyāma and japa—especially Panchākṣarī (Om Namaḥ Śivāya)—are implied as disciplines to regulate the vital flow; practiced with purity (bhasma/tripuṇḍra and Rudrākṣa where prescribed), they support concentration and Shaiva contemplation.