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Shloka 56

Kālajñāna (Knowledge of Time) and Mṛtyu-cihna (Signs of Death): Śiva’s Instruction to Umā

पूर्ववत्कथिता ये तु कालं तेषां तु पूर्वकम् । अवांतरदिना ये तु तेन मासेन कथ्यते

pūrvavatkathitā ye tu kālaṃ teṣāṃ tu pūrvakam | avāṃtaradinā ye tu tena māsena kathyate

The time-divisions explained earlier should be understood here in the same way, in their former order. Whatever is reckoned by intermediate (intercalary) days is to be described and calculated within that very month.

pūrvavatas previously
pūrvavat:
Kriyā-viśeṣaṇa (क्रियाविशेषण)
TypeIndeclinable
Rootpūrva (प्रातिपदिक) + vat (तद्धित)
Formरीत्यर्थक-अव्यय (adverb: 'as before')
kathitāḥhave been told / stated
kathitāḥ:
Kriyā (क्रिया)
TypeVerb
Root√kath (धातु) + ta (कृत् प्रत्यय)
Formभूतकर्मणि कृदन्त (past passive participle), पुंलिङ्ग, प्रथमा बहुवचन (Masculine, Nom. plural)
yewhich / those who
ye:
Karta (कर्ता)
TypeNoun
Rootyad (सर्वनाम-प्रातिपदिक)
Formपुंलिङ्ग, प्रथमा बहुवचन (Masculine, Nominative plural; relative pronoun)
tubut / indeed
tu:
Sambandha (सम्बन्ध)
TypeIndeclinable
Roottu (अव्यय)
Formविरोध/अन्वयार्थक-अव्यय (particle: 'but/indeed')
kālamtime / period
kālam:
Karma (कर्म)
TypeNoun
Rootkāla (प्रातिपदिक)
Formपुंलिङ्ग, द्वितीया एकवचन (Masculine, Accusative singular)
teṣāmof those
teṣām:
Sambandha (सम्बन्ध/षष्ठी)
TypeNoun
Roottad (सर्वनाम-प्रातिपदिक)
Formषष्ठी बहुवचन (Genitive plural; 'of them')
tuindeed
tu:
Sambandha (सम्बन्ध)
TypeIndeclinable
Roottu (अव्यय)
Formअव्यय (particle)
pūrvakamfirst / previously
pūrvakam:
Kriyā-viśeṣaṇa (क्रियाविशेषण)
TypeIndeclinable
Rootpūrvaka (प्रातिपदिक)
Formक्रियाविशेषणरूपेण नपुंसक-एकवचन (adverbial accusative: 'first/previously')
avāntara-dināḥintermediate days
avāntara-dināḥ:
Karta (कर्ता)
TypeNoun
Rootavāntara (प्रातिपदिक) + dina (प्रातिपदिक)
Formपुंलिङ्ग, प्रथमा बहुवचन (Masculine, Nominative plural)
yewhich
ye:
Karta (कर्ता)
TypeNoun
Rootyad (सर्वनाम-प्रातिपदिक)
Formपुंलिङ्ग, प्रथमा बहुवचन (relative pronoun)
tubut/indeed
tu:
Sambandha (सम्बन्ध)
TypeIndeclinable
Roottu (अव्यय)
Formअव्यय (particle)
tenaby that
tena:
Karaṇa (करण)
TypeNoun
Roottad (सर्वनाम-प्रातिपदिक)
Formतृतीया एकवचन (Instrumental singular; 'by/with that')
māsenaby (that) month
māsena:
Karaṇa (करण)
TypeNoun
Rootmāsa (प्रातिपदिक)
Formपुंलिङ्ग, तृतीया एकवचन (Masculine, Instrumental singular)
kathyateis said / is described
kathyate:
Kriyā (क्रिया)
TypeVerb
Root√kath (धातु)
Formलट्-लकार, कर्मणि प्रयोग (passive), प्रथमपुरुष, एकवचन (Present, passive, 3rd singular)

Suta Goswami

Tattva Level: pasha

S
Shiva

FAQs

It stresses disciplined, scriptural order in observing sacred time—so that Shaiva vows and worship are performed correctly, supporting purity of practice and steadiness of devotion toward Pati (Shiva).

Linga-worship and vrata-observances depend on correct calendrical reckoning (months and special days). The verse clarifies that previously taught rules should be followed consistently, ensuring offerings and fasts are aligned with the proper month.

It implies careful observance of vrata timing—tracking months and additional days accurately—so that japa of the Panchakshara (Om Namaḥ Śivāya), Tripuṇḍra application, and Linga-pūjā are performed on the intended sacred days.