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Shloka 63

Dehāśucitā-vicāraḥ

Inquiry into the Impurity of the Body

अपूर्ववत्स्वमात्मानं जरया परिवर्तितम् । यः पश्यन्नपि रज्येत कोऽन्यस्तस्मादचेतनः

apūrvavatsvamātmānaṃ jarayā parivartitam | yaḥ paśyannapi rajyeta ko'nyastasmādacetanaḥ

Seeing one’s own self altered by old age—no longer as before—if a person still becomes attached, who could be more insentient than that one?

apūrva-vatas if unprecedented / unlike before
apūrva-vat:
Kriya-visheshana (क्रियाविशेषण)
TypeIndeclinable
Rootapūrva (प्रातिपदिक) + vat (तद्धित-प्रत्यय)
Formउपमानवाचक-अव्यय (adverbial ‘like/as if’); formed with -vat
svamone’s own
svam:
Visheshana (विशेषण)
TypeAdjective
Rootsva (प्रातिपदिक)
Formपुंलिङ्गे द्वितीया एकवचन; adjective to ‘ātmānam’; Accusative singular
ātmānamself
ātmānam:
Karma (कर्म)
TypeNoun
Rootātman (प्रातिपदिक)
Formपुंलिङ्गे द्वितीया एकवचन; Accusative singular
jarayāby old age
jarayā:
Karana (करण)
TypeNoun
Rootjarā (प्रातिपदिक)
Formस्त्रीलिङ्गे तृतीया एकवचन; Instrumental singular
pari-vartitamchanged/transformed
pari-vartitam:
Visheshana (विशेषण)
TypeAdjective
Rootpari-√vṛt (धातु) + vartita (कृदन्त; क्त)
Formपुंलिङ्गे द्वितीया एकवचन; उपसर्गयुक्त-धातु (pari+vṛt) क्त-प्रत्ययान्त past participle; qualifying ‘ātmānam’; Accusative singular
yaḥwho
yaḥ:
Karta (कर्ता)
TypeNoun
Rootyad (सर्वनाम-प्रातिपदिक)
Formपुंलिङ्गे प्रथमा एकवचन; relative pronoun; Nominative singular
paśyanseeing
paśyan:
Karta (कर्ता)
TypeVerb
Rootpaśy (धातु)
Formवर्तमान-कृदन्त (शतृ), पुंलिङ्गे प्रथमा एकवचन; present active participle ‘seeing’
apieven
api:
Sambandha (सम्बन्ध/particle)
TypeIndeclinable
Rootapi (अव्यय)
Formअपि-निपात (particle ‘even/also’)
rajyetawould be attached/delighted
rajyeta:
Kriya (क्रिया)
TypeVerb
Rootrañj (धातु)
Formविधिलिङ् (optative), प्रथमपुरुष, एकवचन; आत्मनेपद; Optative 3rd person singular (‘should become attached/delighted’)
kaḥwho?
kaḥ:
Karta (कर्ता)
TypeNoun
Rootkim (सर्वनाम-प्रातिपदिक)
Formपुंलिङ्गे प्रथमा एकवचन; interrogative pronoun; Nominative singular
anyaḥother
anyaḥ:
Karta (कर्ता)
TypeNoun
Rootanya (प्रातिपदिक)
Formपुंलिङ्गे प्रथमा एकवचन; Nominative singular (in apposition to ‘kaḥ’)
tasmātthan that / from him
tasmāt:
Apadana (अपादान)
TypeNoun
Roottad (सर्वनाम-प्रातिपदिक)
Formपुं/नपुंसकलिङ्गे पञ्चमी एकवचन; Ablative singular (‘than/from that’)
acetanaḥunconscious/insensible
acetanaḥ:
Pradhana-visheshana (विधेय-विशेषण)
TypeAdjective
Roota-cetana (प्रातिपदिक)
Formपुंलिङ्गे प्रथमा एकवचन; नञ्-युक्त (a- ‘not’ + cetana ‘conscious’); Nominative singular

Lord Shiva

Tattva Level: pashu

Shiva Form: Dakṣiṇāmūrti

Significance: Promotes self-inquiry (ātma-parīkṣā) as pilgrimage of discernment; prepares the aspirant for Śiva’s grace that removes delusion.

Role: teaching

S
Shiva

FAQs

It teaches vairāgya: even after witnessing the body’s inevitable decay, clinging to it is a mark of spiritual unconsciousness; the wise turn toward Pati (Shiva) rather than remaining bound as paśu by pasha (attachment).

By exposing the unreliability of the aging body, the verse redirects devotion to the enduring refuge—Saguna Shiva worship (including Linga worship) as a disciplined means to transcend bondage and realize Shiva’s liberating grace.

Practice daily japa of the Pañcākṣarī (Om Namaḥ Śivāya) with contemplation on impermanence, supported by Shaiva disciplines like bhasma (tripuṇḍra) and rudrākṣa to strengthen detachment and steady awareness.