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Shloka 7

Mahādāna-prakaraṇa (The Doctrine of Great Gifts): Suvarṇa–Go–Bhūmi and Tulā-dāna

कनकं च तिला नागाः कन्या दासी गृहं रथः । मणयः कपिला गावो महादानानि वै दश

kanakaṃ ca tilā nāgāḥ kanyā dāsī gṛhaṃ rathaḥ | maṇayaḥ kapilā gāvo mahādānāni vai daśa

“Gold, sesame seeds, elephants, a maiden (given in marriage), a maidservant, a house, a chariot, gems, tawny kapilā cows, and cows—these are indeed the ten ‘great gifts’ (mahādānas).”

kanakamgold
kanakam:
Karma (कर्म)
TypeNoun
Rootkanaka (प्रातिपदिक)
FormNeuter (नपुंसकलिङ्ग), Accusative (2nd/द्वितीया), Singular (एकवचन)
caand
ca:
Sambandha (सम्बन्ध/connector)
TypeIndeclinable
Rootca (अव्यय)
FormConjunction/particle (समुच्चयबोधक अव्यय)
tilāsesame (seeds)
tilā:
Karta (कर्ता)
TypeNoun
Roottilā (प्रातिपदिक)
FormFeminine (स्त्रीलिङ्ग), Nominative (1st/प्रथमा), Singular (एकवचन)
nāgāḥelephants
nāgāḥ:
Karta (कर्ता)
TypeNoun
Rootnāga (प्रातिपदिक)
FormMasculine (पुंलिङ्ग), Nominative (1st/प्रथमा), Plural (बहुवचन)
kanyāa maiden
kanyā:
Karta (कर्ता)
TypeNoun
Rootkanyā (प्रातिपदिक)
FormFeminine (स्त्रीलिङ्ग), Nominative (1st/प्रथमा), Singular (एकवचन)
dāsīa female servant
dāsī:
Karta (कर्ता)
TypeNoun
Rootdāsī (प्रातिपदिक)
FormFeminine (स्त्रीलिङ्ग), Nominative (1st/प्रथमा), Singular (एकवचन)
gṛhama house
gṛham:
Karta (कर्ता)
TypeNoun
Rootgṛha (प्रातिपदिक)
FormNeuter (नपुंसकलिङ्ग), Nominative (1st/प्रथमा), Singular (एकवचन)
rathaḥa chariot
rathaḥ:
Karta (कर्ता)
TypeNoun
Rootratha (प्रातिपदिक)
FormMasculine (पुंलिङ्ग), Nominative (1st/प्रथमा), Singular (एकवचन)
maṇayaḥgems
maṇayaḥ:
Karta (कर्ता)
TypeNoun
Rootmaṇi (प्रातिपदिक)
FormMasculine (पुंलिङ्ग), Nominative (1st/प्रथमा), Plural (बहुवचन)
kapilātawny/brown (cow)
kapilā:
Viśeṣaṇa (विशेषण)
TypeAdjective
Rootkapilā (प्रातिपदिक)
FormFeminine (स्त्रीलिङ्ग), Nominative (1st/प्रथमा), Singular (एकवचन); adjective qualifying ‘gāvaḥ’ (गावः) as a class/collective
gāvaḥcows
gāvaḥ:
Karta (कर्ता)
TypeNoun
Rootgo (प्रातिपदिक)
FormFeminine (स्त्रीलिङ्ग), Nominative (1st/प्रथमा), Plural (बहुवचन)
mahā-dānānigreat gifts/donations
mahā-dānāni:
Karta (कर्ता)
TypeNoun
Rootmahā (प्रातिपदिक) + dāna (प्रातिपदिक)
FormNeuter (नपुंसकलिङ्ग), Nominative (1st/प्रथमा), Plural (बहुवचन); कर्मधारयः ‘महच्च तत् दानम्’
vaiindeed
vai:
Sambandha (सम्बन्ध/particle)
TypeIndeclinable
Rootvai (अव्यय)
FormEmphatic particle (निश्चयार्थक/खल्वर्थक अव्यय)
daśaten
daśa:
Viśeṣaṇa (विशेषण)
TypeAdjective
Rootdaśa (प्रातिपदिक)
FormNumeral adjective (संख्यावाचक), (commonly) Nominative (1st/प्रथमा), Plural sense; agrees with implied ‘(etāni) dānāni’

Suta Goswami (narrating Shiva Purana teachings to the sages, summarizing the dharmic list of mahādānas)

Tattva Level: pashu

Significance: Catalog of mahādānas functions as dharmic scaffolding for householders; in Siddhānta terms, such caryā reduces karmic accretions (a facet of pāśa) and supports eligibility for Śiva-bhakti and ritual life.

S
Shiva

FAQs

It enumerates the classical “ten great gifts,” presenting dāna as a dharmic discipline that softens ego and possessiveness—key bonds (pāśa) that obscure devotion to Pati (Śiva) and hinder inner purity.

In Saguna Śiva worship, offerings and charity support sattva and devotional conduct; the verse frames generosity as an external expression of reverence that complements Linga-pūjā, mantra, and vrata by cultivating humility and service.

Practice dāna according to capacity—especially on Śiva-vratas (e.g., Mahāśivarātri)—and mentally dedicate the fruit to Śiva while maintaining purity of intention (niṣkāma-bhāva), alongside japa of the Pañcākṣarī (Om Namaḥ Śivāya).