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Shloka 38

पानीयदान-प्रपादान-वापीकूपतडाग-निर्माण-प्रशंसा

Praise of Water-Gift and the Construction of Wells and Tanks

सनत्कुमार उवाच । प्रवक्ष्यामि तपोऽध्यायं सर्व कामार्थसाधकम् । सुदुश्चरं द्विजातीनां तन्मे निगदतः शृणु

sanatkumāra uvāca | pravakṣyāmi tapo'dhyāyaṃ sarva kāmārthasādhakam | suduścaraṃ dvijātīnāṃ tanme nigadataḥ śṛṇu

Sanatkumāra said: “I shall expound the chapter on tapas—the discipline of austerity that fulfills every rightful desire and every human aim. Though it is exceedingly hard to practice for the twice-born, listen as I proclaim it.”

सनत्कुमारःSanatkumāra
सनत्कुमारः:
कर्ता (Speaker/कर्ता)
TypeNoun
Rootसनत् + कुमार (प्रातिपदिक)
Formपुल्लिङ्ग (Masculine), प्रथमा (1st/Nominative), एकवचन (Singular); कर्मधारय—‘सनत् (ever-young) कुमारः’
उवाचsaid
उवाच:
क्रिया (Verb/आख्यात)
TypeVerb
Rootवच् (धातु)
Formलिट् (Perfect/लिट्), प्रथमपुरुष (3rd person), एकवचन (Singular), परस्मैपद (Parasmaipada)
प्रवक्ष्यामिI shall explain
प्रवक्ष्यामि:
क्रिया (Verb/आख्यात)
TypeVerb
Rootप्र + वच् (धातु)
Formलृट् (Simple Future/लृट्), उत्तमपुरुष (1st person), एकवचन (Singular), परस्मैपद (Parasmaipada)
तपःausterity
तपः:
समासाङ्ग (Compound member)
TypeNoun
Rootतपस् (प्रातिपदिक)
Formनपुंसकलिङ्ग (Neuter), प्रथमा/द्वितीया (Nom/Acc), एकवचन (Singular); here as first member in compound with अध्यायम्
अध्यायम्chapter/lesson
अध्यायम्:
कर्म (Object/कर्म)
TypeNoun
Rootअध्याय (प्रातिपदिक)
Formपुल्लिङ्ग (Masculine), द्वितीया (2nd/Accusative), एकवचन (Singular)
सर्वall
सर्व:
विशेषण (Adjectival)
TypeAdjective
Rootसर्व (प्रातिपदिक)
Formनपुंसकलिङ्ग (Neuter), द्वितीया (2nd/Accusative), एकवचन (Singular); used as adjective to compound ‘कामार्थसाधकम्’
कामार्थसाधकम्accomplishing all desires and goals
कामार्थसाधकम्:
विशेषण (Adjectival to अध्यायम्)
TypeAdjective
Rootकाम + अर्थ + साधक (प्रातिपदिक)
Formनपुंसकलिङ्ग (Neuter), द्वितीया (2nd/Accusative), एकवचन (Singular); षष्ठी-तत्पुरुष—‘कामानाम् अर्थानां च साधकम्’ (accomplisher of desires and aims)
सुदुश्चरम्very difficult to practice
सुदुश्चरम्:
विशेषण (Adjectival to अध्यायम्)
TypeAdjective
Rootसु + दुष् + चर (प्रातिपदिक)
Formनपुंसकलिङ्ग (Neuter), द्वितीया (2nd/Accusative), एकवचन (Singular); गुणवाचक विशेषण
द्विजातीनाम्of the twice-born
द्विजातीनाम्:
सम्बन्ध (Genitive relation)
TypeNoun
Rootद्वि + जाति (प्रातिपदिक)
Formपुल्लिङ्ग (Masculine), षष्ठी (6th/Genitive), बहुवचन (Plural); द्विगु-समास—‘द्वौ जाति यस्य’ (twice-born)
तत्that
तत्:
कर्म (Object/कर्म)
TypeNoun
Rootतद् (सर्वनाम-प्रातिपदिक)
Formनपुंसकलिङ्ग (Neuter), द्वितीया (2nd/Accusative), एकवचन (Singular); demonstrative pronoun
मेto me
मे:
सम्प्रदान (Recipient/Dative)
TypeNoun
Rootअस्मद् (सर्वनाम-प्रातिपदिक)
Formचतुर्थी/षष्ठी-एकवचन रूप (Dative/Genitive singular enclitic); here dative sense ‘to me’
निगदतःof (me) speaking/declaring
निगदतः:
सम्बन्ध (Genitive relation)
TypeVerb
Rootनि + गद् (धातु) (कृदन्त)
Formवर्तमानकाले शतृ-प्रत्ययान्त (Present active participle), पुल्लिङ्ग (Masculine), षष्ठी (6th/Genitive), एकवचन (Singular); ‘of (me) who is speaking’
शृणुlisten
शृणु:
क्रिया (Command)
TypeVerb
Rootश्रु (धातु)
Formलोट् (Imperative/लोट्), मध्यमपुरुष (2nd person), एकवचन (Singular), परस्मैपद (Parasmaipada)

Sanatkumara

Tattva Level: pashu

S
Sanatkumara

FAQs

The verse introduces tapas as a purifying discipline that refines the soul (paśu) and loosens bondage (pāśa), preparing one for Shiva’s grace (Pati). It frames spiritual effort as purposeful, yet demanding, and worthy of attentive listening.

Tapas in the Shiva Purana commonly supports Saguna Shiva worship—steadiness in vows, purity, and focused devotion that culminate in effective pūjā and contemplation of the Linga as Shiva’s accessible form, leading the devotee toward deeper realization.

The verse signals the beginning of a regimen of austerity and disciplined practice—typically including regulated conduct, mantra-japa (often the Panchakshara, “Om Namaḥ Śivāya”), and meditative restraint—though specific items like bhasma or rudrākṣa are not named in this shloka.