Shloka 20

यममार्गे सुखदायकधर्माः

Dharmas that Grant Ease on the Path to Yama

Devanagari script

हेमरत्नाश्वनागेन्द्रैर्नारीस्रक्चंदनादिभिः । समस्तैरपि संप्राप्तैर्न रमंति बुभुक्षिताः

Transliteration

hemaratnāśvanāgendrairnārīsrakcaṃdanādibhiḥ | samastairapi saṃprāptairna ramaṃti bubhukṣitāḥ

Translation

Even if one obtains gold, jewels, fine horses, lordly elephants, women, garlands, sandalwood and the like—all of them in abundance—those who are still hungry do not find joy.

Word by Word

• हेमरत्नाश्वनागेन्द्रैः: with gold, jewels, horses, and lordly elephants
• हेमरत्नाश्वनागेन्द्रैः: Karaṇa (करण)
• Type: Noun
• Root: हेम + रत्न + अश्व + नागेन्द्र (प्रातिपदिक)
• Form: द्वन्द्व-समास (हेम-रत्न-अश्व-नागेन्द्र), पुल्लिङ्ग, तृतीया (3rd case/instrumental), बहुवचन

• नारी: woman
• नारी: —
• Type: Noun
• Root: नारी (प्रातिपदिक)
• Form: स्त्रीलिङ्ग, प्रथमा (nominative), एकवचन; compound-member in next word

• स्रक्: garland
• स्रक्: —
• Type: Noun
• Root: स्रज्/स्रक् (प्रातिपदिक)
• Form: स्त्रीलिङ्ग, प्रथमा (nominative), एकवचन; compound-member in next word

• चन्दनादिभिः: with sandalwood and the like
• चन्दनादिभिः: Karaṇa (करण)
• Type: Noun
• Root: चन्दन + आदि (प्रातिपदिक)
• Form: तत्पुरुष-समास (चन्दन-आदि = चन्दनं च अन्यानि च), नपुंसकलिङ्ग, तृतीया (instrumental), बहुवचन

• नारीस्रक्चन्दनादिभिः: with women, garlands, sandalwood, etc.
• नारीस्रक्चन्दनादिभिः: Karaṇa (करण)
• Type: Noun
• Root: नारी + स्रक् + चन्दनादि (प्रातिपदिक)
• Form: समाहार-द्वन्द्व/समुच्चयार्थ-समास (नारी-स्रक्-चन्दनादि), तृतीया, बहुवचन; coordinated instruments

• समस्तैः: all, entire
• समस्तैः: Viśeṣaṇa (विशेषण)
• Type: Adjective
• Root: समस्त (प्रातिपदिक)
• Form: पुल्लिङ्ग/नपुंसकलिङ्ग, तृतीया (instrumental), बहुवचन; संप्राप्तैः-विशेषण

• अपि: even, also
• अपि: Sambandha (सम्बन्ध/particle)
• Type: Indeclinable
• Root: अपि (अव्यय)
• Form: अव्यय (particle), अर्थे: अपि/यद्यपि/also even

• संप्राप्तैः: having been obtained / when obtained
• संप्राप्तैः: Karaṇa (करण)
• Type: Adjective
• Root: सम् + प्र + आप् (धातु) → संप्राप्त (कृदन्त-प्रातिपदिक)
• Form: भूतकृत् (क्त-प्रत्यय, past passive participle), तृतीया (instrumental), बहुवचन; agrees with implied वस्तुभिः

• न: not
• न: Pratiṣedha (प्रतिषेध)
• Type: Indeclinable
• Root: न (अव्यय)
• Form: निषेध-अव्यय (negation particle)

• रमन्ति: delight / take pleasure
• रमन्ति: Kriyā (क्रिया)
• Type: Verb
• Root: रम् (धातु)
• Form: लट्-लकार (present), प्रथमपुरुष, बहुवचन; आत्मनेपद

• बुभुक्षिताः: the hungry (persons)
• बुभुक्षिताः: Karta (कर्ता)
• Type: Noun
• Root: भुज् (धातु) → बुभुक्षित (कृदन्त-प्रातिपदिक)
• Form: भूतकृत् (क्त-प्रत्यय, PPP) with desiderative base (बुभुक्ष-), पुल्लिङ्ग, प्रथमा (nominative), बहुवचन

Speaker

Lord Shiva (instructing on vairagya and the bondage of desire within the Umāsaṃhitā discourse)

Shaiva Theology

Tattva Level: pasha

Jyotirlinga Context

Significance: Teaches vairāgya: sensory opulence cannot satisfy the hungry; by extension, worldly bhoga cannot satisfy the bound soul (paśu) under pāśa—turning the seeker toward Śiva as the true fulfillment.

FAQs

What is the spiritual significance of this verse in the Shiva Purana?

It teaches that external abundance cannot satisfy inner craving; until the “hunger” of desire is calmed, the mind remains restless—showing why liberation requires inner transformation, not mere acquisition.

How does this verse relate to the worship of the Linga or Saguna Shiva?

Linga-worship turns the seeker from sense-objects to Pati (Shiva), the true refuge beyond pasha. By devotion to Saguna Shiva (the worshipful Lord), the heart’s craving is purified and contentment arises.

What ritualistic or meditative practice is suggested here?

Practice japa of the Panchakshara mantra (Om Namaḥ Śivāya) with simple living, and support it with Shiva-puja such as Tripuṇḍra (bhasma) and rudrāksha as reminders to reduce craving and steady the mind.