Shloka 18

हनूमत्प्रादुर्भावः (Hanūmat-prādurbhāvaḥ) — The Manifestation/Birth of Hanumān as Śiva’s Agency

Devanagari script

ज्ञात्वा लङ्कागतां सीतां गतस्तत्र कपीश्वरः । द्रुतमुल्लंघ्य सिंधुन्तमनिस्तीर्य्यं परैस्स वै

Transliteration

jñātvā laṅkāgatāṃ sītāṃ gatastatra kapīśvaraḥ | drutamullaṃghya siṃdhuntamanistīryyaṃ paraissa vai

Translation

Having learned that Sītā had reached Laṅkā, the lord of monkeys went there; swiftly he leapt across the ocean—an impassable expanse that none of the others could cross.

Word by Word

• ज्ञात्वा: having known
• ज्ञात्वा: Purvakala-kriya (पूर्वकालक्रिया)
• Type: Verb
• Root: jñā (धातु) + त्वा (कृत्)
• Form: क्त्वान्त अव्ययकृदन्त (gerund), ‘having known’

• लङ्का-गताम्: gone to Laṅkā
• लङ्का-गताम्: Visheshana (विशेषण)
• Type: Adjective
• Root: laṅkā (प्रातिपदिक) + gata (गम्-धातु, क्त)
• Form: द्वितीया (Acc), स्त्रीलिङ्ग, एकवचन; कर्मधारय/तत्पुरुषार्थे (लङ्कां गता) विशेषण

• सीताम्: Sītā
• सीताम्: Karma (कर्म)
• Type: Noun
• Root: sītā (प्रातिपदिक)
• Form: स्त्रीलिङ्ग, द्वितीया (Acc), एकवचन

• गतः: went/has gone
• गतः: Karta (कर्ता)
• Type: Verb
• Root: gam (धातु) + kta (कृत्)
• Form: क्त-प्रत्ययान्त कृदन्त (past active participle), पुंलिङ्ग, प्रथमा (Nom), एकवचन

• तत्र: there
• तत्र: Adhikarana (अधिकरण)
• Type: Indeclinable
• Root: tatra (अव्यय)
• Form: देशवाचक अव्यय (locative adverb)

• कपीश्वरः: lord of monkeys (Hanumān)
• कपीश्वरः: Karta (कर्ता)
• Type: Noun
• Root: kapi (प्रातिपदिक) + īśvara (प्रातिपदिक)
• Form: षष्ठी-तत्पुरुष (कपीनाम् ईश्वरः); पुंलिङ्ग, प्रथमा, एकवचन

• द्रुतम्: quickly
• द्रुतम्: Adverbial (क्रियाविशेषण)
• Type: Indeclinable
• Root: druta (प्रातिपदिक)
• Form: क्रियाविशेषणरूपेण अव्ययीभूत (adverbial accusative)

• उल्लङ्घ्य: having crossed by leaping
• उल्लङ्घ्य: Purvakala-kriya (पूर्वकालक्रिया)
• Type: Verb
• Root: ud-laṅgh (धातु) + ल्यप् (कृत्)
• Form: ल्यबन्त/ल्यपन्त अव्ययकृदन्त (gerund), ‘having leapt over’

• सिन्धुम्: the ocean
• सिन्धुम्: Karma (कर्म)
• Type: Noun
• Root: sindhu (प्रातिपदिक)
• Form: पुंलिङ्ग, द्वितीया (Acc), एकवचन

• तम्: that
• तम्: Karma (कर्म)
• Type: Noun
• Root: tad (प्रातिपदिक)
• Form: पुंलिङ्ग, द्वितीया (Acc), एकवचन; तद्-शब्द

• अनिस्तीर्यम्: not crossable (by others)
• अनिस्तीर्यम्: Visheshana (विशेषण)
• Type: Adjective
• Root: a- (नञ्) + ni-stṝ (धातु) + यत् (कृत्)
• Form: नञ्-पूर्वक कृदन्त (यत्/अनीयर्-भाव), नपुंसकलिङ्ग, द्वितीया, एकवचन; विशेषण

• परैः: by others
• परैः: Karana/Agent-in-passive (करण/कर्तृ)
• Type: Noun
• Root: para (प्रातिपदिक)
• Form: पुंलिङ्ग, तृतीया (Instr), बहुवचन

• सः: he
• सः: Karta (कर्ता)
• Type: Noun
• Root: tad (प्रातिपदिक)
• Form: पुंलिङ्ग, प्रथमा, एकवचन

• वै: indeed
• वै: Discourse particle (निपात)
• Type: Indeclinable
• Root: vai (अव्यय)
• Form: निपात (particle), अव्यय; निश्चयार्थ (indeed)

Speaker

Suta Goswami

Shaiva Theology

Tattva Level: pashu

Shiva Form: Paśupatinātha

Characters & Entities

• Sita
• Hanuman
• Lanka

FAQs

What is the spiritual significance of this verse in the Shiva Purana?

It illustrates that what is “uncrossable” for ordinary effort becomes possible through single-pointed devotion and dharmic resolve—qualities that, in Shaiva Siddhanta, mature by the grace of Pati (Śiva) guiding the soul beyond obstacles.

How does this verse relate to the worship of the Linga or Saguna Shiva?

Hanumān’s decisive leap reflects saguna-bhakti in action: when the devotee takes refuge in the Lord’s power (often worshipped as Śiva in the Purāṇic frame), inner limitations are transcended—just as Linga-worship trains the mind to rely on the Lord’s sustaining presence rather than fear.

What ritualistic or meditative practice is suggested here?

Adopt a vow of focused japa—especially the Pañcākṣarī “Om Namaḥ Śivāya”—before beginning difficult duties; combine it with simple śuddhi like Tripuṇḍra (bhasma) and a brief prayer for steadfastness, mirroring Hanumān’s unwavering intent.