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Shloka 24

ज्योतिर्लिङ्गमाहात्म्य-प्रस्तावना तथा सोमनाथ-प्रसङ्गः

Prologue to the Glory and Origin of the Jyotirliṅgas; Somnātha Episode Begins

ब्रह्मोवाच । अहो कष्टं महज्जातं सर्वलोकस्य दुःखदम् । चन्द्रस्तु सर्वदा दुष्टो दक्षश्च शप्तवानमुम्

brahmovāca | aho kaṣṭaṃ mahajjātaṃ sarvalokasya duḥkhadam | candrastu sarvadā duṣṭo dakṣaśca śaptavānamum

Brahmā said: “Alas! A great calamity has arisen, bringing sorrow to all the worlds. The Moon, Candra, has ever been improper in conduct, and Dakṣa has cursed him.”

ब्रह्माBrahmā
ब्रह्मा:
Karta (कर्ता/Subject)
TypeNoun
Rootब्रह्मन् (प्रातिपदिक)
Formपुंलिङ्ग, प्रथमा (1st/Nominative), एकवचन
उवाचsaid
उवाच:
Kriya (क्रिया/Verbal action)
TypeVerb
Rootवच् (धातु)
Formलिट् (Perfect), प्रथमपुरुष (3rd person), एकवचन; परस्मैपद
अहोalas!/oh!
अहो:
Sambandha (सम्बन्ध/Discourse particle)
TypeIndeclinable
Rootअहो (अव्यय)
Formउद्गार/विस्मयादिबोधक अव्यय (interjection)
कष्टम्misfortune, hardship
कष्टम्:
Karma (कर्म/Object)
TypeNoun
Rootकष्ट (प्रातिपदिक)
Formनपुंसकलिङ्ग, प्रथमा/द्वितीया (1st/2nd), एकवचन; भाववाचक (state/condition)
महत्great
महत्:
Visheshana (विशेषण/Qualifier)
TypeAdjective
Rootमहत् (प्रातिपदिक)
Formनपुंसकलिङ्ग, प्रथमा/द्वितीया (1st/2nd), एकवचन; विशेषण (qualifier)
जातम्arisen, occurred
जातम्:
Visheshana (विशेषण/Qualifier)
TypeAdjective
Rootजन् (धातु) + त (कृत् प्रत्यय)
Formभूतकृदन्त (क्त/PPP), नपुंसकलिङ्ग, प्रथमा/द्वितीया, एकवचन; 'उत्पन्नम्'
सर्वलोकस्यof the whole world
सर्वलोकस्य:
Shashthi-sambandha (षष्ठी-सम्बन्ध/Possessor)
TypeNoun
Rootसर्व + लोक (प्रातिपदिक)
Formपुंलिङ्ग, षष्ठी (6th/Genitive), एकवचन; समासः—कर्मधारयः (‘सर्वः लोकः’)
दुःखदम्giving sorrow, causing pain
दुःखदम्:
Visheshana (विशेषण/Qualifier)
TypeAdjective
Rootदुःख + द (प्रातिपदिक)
Formनपुंसकलिङ्ग, प्रथमा/द्वितीया, एकवचन; समासः—तत्पुरुषः (उपपद-तत्पुरुषः) ‘दुःखं ददाति’
चन्द्रःthe Moon (Candra)
चन्द्रः:
Karta (कर्ता/Subject)
TypeNoun
Rootचन्द्र (प्रातिपदिक)
Formपुंलिङ्ग, प्रथमा (1st), एकवचन
तुbut, indeed
तु:
Sambandha (सम्बन्ध/Discourse particle)
TypeIndeclinable
Rootतु (अव्यय)
Formनिपात (particle), विरोध/विशेषार्थक (contrast/emphasis)
सर्वदाalways
सर्वदा:
Adhikarana (अधिकरण/Temporal)
TypeIndeclinable
Rootसर्वदा (अव्यय)
Formकालवाचक अव्यय (adverb of time)
दुष्टःwicked
दुष्टः:
Visheshana (विशेषण/Qualifier)
TypeAdjective
Rootदुष्ट (प्रातिपदिक)
Formपुंलिङ्ग, प्रथमा, एकवचन; विशेषण
दक्षःDakṣa
दक्षः:
Karta (कर्ता/Subject)
TypeNoun
Rootदक्ष (प्रातिपदिक)
Formपुंलिङ्ग, प्रथमा, एकवचन
and
:
Sambandha (सम्बन्ध/Connector)
TypeIndeclinable
Rootच (अव्यय)
Formसमुच्चयबोधक अव्यय (conjunction)
शप्तवान्cursed
शप्तवान्:
Karta (कर्ता/Agent)
TypeVerb
Rootशप् (धातु) + तवत् (कृत् प्रत्यय)
Formकृत्प्रत्ययान्त (तवत्) क्तवत्-प्रत्ययार्थक भूतकालिक कर्तरि प्रयोग (past active participle), पुंलिङ्ग, प्रथमा, एकवचन
अमुम्him (that one)
अमुम्:
Karma (कर्म/Object)
TypeNoun
Rootअदस् (सर्वनाम-प्रातिपदिक)
Formपुंलिङ्ग, द्वितीया (2nd/Accusative), एकवचन; सर्वनाम

Brahma

Tattva Level: pasha

Sthala Purana: Not a Jyotirliṅga; Brahmā diagnoses the calamity as arising from adharma (Candra’s misconduct) and the binding force of a curse (Dakṣa’s śāpa).

Significance: Ethical warning: even luminous beings fall under pāśa (karma/śāpa) through misconduct; motivates restraint (niyama) and propitiation of Śiva for release.

Cosmic Event: A curse (śāpa) becomes a cosmic-level disturbance affecting ‘all worlds’—a dharmic ripple across loka-order.

B
Brahma
C
Chandra
D
Daksha

FAQs

It frames cosmic suffering as the consequence of adharma and reactive cursing, preparing the listener to see Shiva as the compassionate Pati (Lord) whose grace alone restores harmony when worldly actions create bondage and pain.

Such crises in the Purana typically culminate in taking refuge in Saguna Shiva—often through Linga-worship—because Shiva is portrayed as the supreme healer of afflictions that even gods cannot resolve through mere authority or anger.

A practical takeaway is to counter misconduct and its fruits through Shiva-upāsanā: japa of the Pañcākṣarī mantra “Om Namaḥ Śivāya,” along with disciplined conduct and prayer for Shiva’s anugraha (grace) to remove doṣa and duḥkha.