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Shloka 21

मित्रसह-राज्ञो रक्षत्व-शापकथा — The Curse that Turns King Mitrasaha into a Rakshasa

Vasiṣṭha’s Śāpa Narrative

प्रार्थ्यमानोऽपि बहुशः पुरुषादः स निर्घृणः । चखाद शिर उत्कृत्य विप्रसूनोर्दुराशयः

prārthyamāno'pi bahuśaḥ puruṣādaḥ sa nirghṛṇaḥ | cakhāda śira utkṛtya viprasūnordurāśayaḥ

Although he was repeatedly begged, that merciless man-eater—evil-minded—cut off the head of the Brahmin’s son and devoured it.

prārthyamānaḥbeing entreated
prārthyamānaḥ:
Karta (कर्ता)
TypeVerb
Rootpra-arth (धातु) + yamāna (यमान/शानच्)
Formवर्तमान-कर्मणि कृदन्त (Present passive participle/शानच्), पुंलिङ्ग, प्रथमा-विभक्ति, एकवचन
apieven/though
api:
Sambandha (सम्बन्ध/connector)
TypeIndeclinable
Rootapi (अव्यय)
Formअव्यय (particle), अपि = ‘even/although’
bahuśaḥmany times
bahuśaḥ:
Kriyāviśeṣaṇa (क्रियाविशेषण)
TypeIndeclinable
Rootbahuśas (अव्यय-प्रातिपदिक)
Formअव्यय (adverb)
puruṣādaḥman-eater/cannibal
puruṣādaḥ:
Karta (कर्ता)
TypeNoun
Rootpuruṣa (प्रातिपदिक) + ada (प्रातिपदिक)
Formषष्ठी-तत्पुरुष (man-eater: ‘पुरुषान् अदति’), पुंलिङ्ग, प्रथमा-विभक्ति, एकवचन
saḥhe
saḥ:
Karta (कर्ता)
TypeNoun
Roottad (सर्वनाम-प्रातिपदिक)
Formपुंलिङ्ग, प्रथमा-विभक्ति, एकवचन
nirghṛṇaḥmerciless
nirghṛṇaḥ:
Karta (कर्ता)
TypeAdjective
Rootnirghṛṇa (प्रातिपदिक)
Formपुंलिङ्ग, प्रथमा-विभक्ति, एकवचन; ‘saḥ’ इत्यस्य विशेषण
cakhādaate/devoured
cakhāda:
Kriyā (क्रिया)
TypeVerb
Rootkhād (धातु)
Formलिट्-लकार (Perfect), प्रथमपुरुष, एकवचन, परस्मैपद
śiraḥhead
śiraḥ:
Karma (कर्म)
TypeNoun
Rootśiras (प्रातिपदिक)
Formनपुंसकलिङ्ग, द्वितीया-विभक्ति, एकवचन
utkṛtyahaving cut off
utkṛtya:
Kriyāviśeṣaṇa (क्रियाविशेषण)
TypeVerb
Rootut-kṛt (धातु) + ktvā (क्त्वा)
Formक्त्वान्त-अव्यय (Gerund), पूर्वकालिक क्रिया
viprasūnoḥof the brāhmaṇa’s son
viprasūnoḥ:
Sambandha (सम्बन्ध)
TypeNoun
Rootvipra (प्रातिपदिक) + sūnu (प्रातिपदिक)
Formषष्ठी-तत्पुरुष (son of a brāhmaṇa), पुंलिङ्ग, षष्ठी-विभक्ति (Genitive/सम्बन्ध), एकवचन
durāśayaḥevil-intentioned
durāśayaḥ:
Karta (कर्ता)
TypeAdjective
Rootdur-āśaya (प्रातिपदिक)
Formकर्मधारय (दुष्टः आशयः यस्य), पुंलिङ्ग, प्रथमा-विभक्ति, एकवचन; ‘saḥ’ इत्यस्य विशेषण

Suta Goswami

Tattva Level: pasha

Shiva Form: Kālāntaka

FAQs

The verse highlights adharma at its extreme—cruelty and violence against the innocent—showing how such actions harden the soul (paśu-bhāva) and bind one through heavy pāpa-karma; Shaiva teaching points toward purification through repentance, dharma, and surrender to Pati (Shiva) for release from bondage.

In Kotirudrasaṃhitā, the Jyotirliṅga tradition presents Saguna Shiva as compassionate refuge and protector amid भय (fear) and suffering; this narrative backdrop intensifies the contrast between human cruelty and Shiva’s restoring grace accessed through Liṅga-upāsanā.

As a corrective to हिंसा (violence) and mental impurity, the practical takeaway is japa of the Pañcākṣarī mantra “Om Namaḥ Śivāya,” along with simple Liṅga-pūjā (water offering) and wearing Rudrākṣa as a reminder of restraint and compassion.