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Shloka 19

मित्रसह-राज्ञो रक्षत्व-शापकथा — The Curse that Turns King Mitrasaha into a Rakshasa

Vasiṣṭha’s Śāpa Narrative

राक्षसः स नराहारः किशोरं मुनिनन्दनम् । जग्धुं जग्राह शापार्त्तो व्याघ्रो मृगशिशुं यथा

rākṣasaḥ sa narāhāraḥ kiśoraṃ muninandanam | jagdhuṃ jagrāha śāpārtto vyāghro mṛgaśiśuṃ yathā

That man-eating rākṣasa, tormented by the curse, seized the youthful son of the sage in order to devour him—just as a tiger snatches up a fawn.

राक्षसःthe demon
राक्षसः:
Karta (कर्ता/subject)
TypeNoun
Rootrākṣasa (प्रातिपदिक)
Formपुंलिङ्ग, प्रथमा-विभक्ति, एकवचन
सःthat/he
सः:
Karta (कर्ता/subject apposition)
TypeNoun
Roottad (सर्वनाम-प्रातिपदिक)
Formपुंलिङ्ग, प्रथमा-विभक्ति, एकवचन; सर्वनाम
नराहारःman-eater
नराहारः:
Karta (कर्ता/subject qualifier)
TypeNoun
Rootnara + āhāra (प्रातिपदिक)
Formपुंलिङ्ग, प्रथमा-विभक्ति, एकवचन; तत्पुरुष: नराणाम् आहारः (one whose food is humans / eater of men)
किशोरम्a youth
किशोरम्:
Karma (कर्म/object)
TypeNoun
Rootkiśora (प्रातिपदिक)
Formपुंलिङ्ग, द्वितीया-विभक्ति, एकवचन
मुनिनन्दनम्the sage’s son
मुनिनन्दनम्:
Karma (कर्म/object apposition)
TypeNoun
Rootmuni + nandana (प्रातिपदिक)
Formपुंलिङ्ग, द्वितीया-विभक्ति, एकवचन; तत्पुरुष: मुनेः नन्दनम् (son of a sage)
जग्धुम्to devour
जग्धुम्:
Prayojana (प्रयोजन/purpose)
TypeVerb
Rootbhakṣ (धातु) / ad (धातु) + तुमुन् (कृत् प्रत्यय)
Formकृदन्त (infinitive/तुमुन्), अर्थ: ‘to eat/devour’; कर्मप्रवचन-भाव (purpose)
जग्राहseized
जग्राह:
Kriya (क्रिया/predicate)
TypeVerb
Rootgrah (धातु)
Formलिट्-लकार (Perfect), प्रथम-पुरुष, एकवचन; परस्मैपद
शापार्त्तःafflicted by a curse
शापार्त्तः:
Karta (कर्ता/subject qualifier)
TypeAdjective
Rootśāpa + ārta (प्रातिपदिक)
Formपुंलिङ्ग, प्रथमा-विभक्ति, एकवचन; तत्पुरुष: शापेन आर्तः (afflicted by a curse)
व्याघ्रःa tiger
व्याघ्रः:
Upamana (उपमान/standard of simile)
TypeNoun
Rootvyāghra (प्रातिपदिक)
Formपुंलिङ्ग, प्रथमा-विभक्ति, एकवचन; उपमान (standard of comparison)
मृगशिशुम्a deer-fawn
मृगशिशुम्:
Upameya (उपमेय/thing compared)
TypeNoun
Rootmṛga + śiśu (प्रातिपदिक)
Formपुंलिङ्ग, द्वितीया-विभक्ति, एकवचन; तत्पुरुष: मृगस्य शिशुः (a deer-fawn)
यथाas, like
यथा:
Sambandha (सम्बन्ध/simile marker)
TypeIndeclinable
Rootyathā (अव्यय)
Formअव्यय, उपमावाचक (comparative particle)

Suta Goswami

Tattva Level: pasha

Shiva Form: Bhairava

FAQs

The verse highlights how karmic bondage (here, a curse) can drive a being into violence and adharma, intensifying fear and suffering. In Shaiva Siddhanta terms, this reflects pasha (bondage) overpowering the pashu (individual soul), underscoring the need for Shiva’s grace and dharmic refuge to transcend such compulsions.

Though the verse itself is narrative, Kotirudrasaṃhitā frames such peril as the kind of worldly crisis from which devotees seek protection at Jyotirlingas—approaching Saguna Shiva in the Linga for śaraṇāgati (surrender). The contrast between predatory force and divine refuge strengthens the text’s pilgrimage-and-protection motif.

A practical takeaway is protective japa of the Panchakshara—“Om Namaḥ Śivāya”—with a steady mind, along with simple Shaiva observances like wearing rudrākṣa and applying tripuṇḍra (bhasma) as reminders of surrender and impermanence, especially when facing fear or danger.