Rig Veda 9.97.43: Mandala 9, Sukta 97, Mantra 43

Sukta 9.97

Devata: Soma Pavamāna

Chandas: Triṣṭubh (likely)

Samhita Patha (Devanagari)

ऋजुः पवस्व वृजिनस्य हन्तापामीवां बाधमानो मृधश्च । अभिश्रीणन्पयः पयसाभि गोनामिन्द्रस्य त्वं तव वयं सखायः ॥

Sanskrit recitationRig Veda 9.97.43

Transliteration

ṛjúḥ pavasva vṛjinásya hantā́pāmīvā́ṃ bādhamā́nó mṛ́dhaś ca | abhíśrīṇan páyaḥ páyasābhí gónām índrasya tváṃ táva vayáṃ sakhā́yaḥ ||

Translation

Flow straight, O Soma, slayer of crookedness, driving away disease and hostile assault. Enrich the milk with milk, increase the rays of illumination; you are Indra’s— and we are your companions.

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Word by Word

• ऋजुः: straight, upright
• ऋजुः: Kartā (सोमस्य विशेषणम्)
• Type: Adjective
• Root: ऋजु- (प्रातिपदिक) < PIE *h₃reǵ- ‘to straighten’

• पवस्व: purify yourself / flow (as purified)
• पवस्व: (क्रिया) —
• Type: Verb
• Root: √पू (पवते) ‘to purify, flow’

• वृजिनस्य: of evil, of sin
• वृजिनस्य: Apādāna (हन्ता—कस्य? वृजिनस्य)
• Type: Noun
• Root: वृजिन- (प्रातिपदिक) ‘crookedness, sin, evil’

• हन्ता: slayer, destroyer
• हन्ता: Kartā (सोमः—हन्ता)
• Type: Agent noun (participle-like) / Noun
• Root: √हन् ‘to strike, slay’ (कर्तरि कृत्)

• अप: away
• अप: —
• Type: Indeclinable (preverb)
• Root: अप (उपसर्ग/अव्यय) ‘away, off’

• आमीवाम्: disease, affliction
• आमीवाम्: Karma (बाधमानः—किम्?)
• Type: Noun
• Root: आमीवा- (प्रातिपदिक) ‘disease, affliction’

• बाधमानः: driving away, repelling
• बाधमानः: Kartā (सोमः—बाधमानः)
• Type: Participle
• Root: √बाध् ‘to press, oppress, drive away’ (शानच्)

• मृधः: hostilities, foes
• मृधः: Karma (बाधमानः—कान्/किम्?)
• Type: Noun
• Root: मृध्/मृध- (प्रातिपदिक) ‘hostility, foe, injury’

• च: and
• च: —
• Type: Indeclinable
• Root: च (अव्यय)

• अभिश्रीणन्: enriching, making splendid (by mixing)
• अभिश्रीणन्: Kartā (सोमः—अभिश्रीणन्)
• Type: Participle (Vedic) / verbal form
• Root: अभि-√श्री/शृ (वेद. ‘to mix/season, make rich’; कृत्: शानच्/लिट्-प्रायः रूपम्)

• पयः: milk, sap
• पयः: Karma (अभिश्रीणन्—किम्?)
• Type: Noun
• Root: पयस्- (प्रातिपदिक) ‘milk, sap’

• पयसा: with milk
• पयसा: Karaṇa (केन? पयसा)
• Type: Noun
• Root: पयस्- (प्रातिपदिक)

• अभि: towards, upon
• अभि: —
• Type: Indeclinable
• Root: अभि (उपसर्ग/अव्यय) ‘towards, upon’

• गोनाम्: of the cows (cattle)
• गोनाम्: Adhikaraṇa/सम्बन्ध (कस्य? गोनाम्—‘of the cows’)
• Type: Noun
• Root: गो- (प्रातिपदिक) ‘cow; cattle’

• इन्द्रस्य: of Indra
• इन्द्रस्य: सम्बन्ध (इन्द्रस्य—‘of Indra’)
• Type: Noun
• Root: इन्द्र- (प्रातिपदिक)

• त्वम्: you
• त्वम्: Kartā (अन्तर्निहित-क्रिया/सम्बोधन-प्रायः)
• Type: Pronoun
• Root: युष्मद् (सर्वनाम)

• तव: of you, your
• तव: सम्बन्ध (तव—‘your’)
• Type: Pronoun
• Root: युष्मद् (सर्वनाम)

• वयम्: we
• वयम्: Kartā (सखायः—वयम्)
• Type: Pronoun
• Root: अस्मद् (सर्वनाम)

• सखायः: friends
• सखायः: Kartā/सम्बन्ध (वयम्—सखायः)
• Type: Noun
• Root: सखि- (प्रातिपदिक) ‘friend’