Rig Veda 9.74.3: Mandala 9, Sukta 74, Mantra 3

Sukta 9.74

Rishi: Unknown/uncertain in provided input

Devata: Soma Pavamāna as ruler of rain/waters and leader of luminous herds; linked with Aditi and ṛta

Chandas: Jagatī (probable; verify)

Samhita Patha (Devanagari)

महि प्सरः सुकृतं सोम्यं मधूर्वी गव्यूतिरदितेॠतं यते । ईशे यो वृष्टेरित उस्रियो वृषापां नेता य इतऊतिॠग्मियः ॥

Sanskrit recitationRig Veda 9.74.3

Transliteration

máhi psáraḥ súkṛtaṃ somyáṃ mádhurvī́ gavyū́tir áditer ṛtáṃ yaté | ī́śe yó vṛ́ṣṭer itá usríyo vṛ́ṣā́pāṃ netā́ yá itá-ūtír ṛgmyáḥ ||

Translation

Great is the flowing movement—the well-made, Soma-born sweetness; wide is the pasture-path of Aditi, the ṛta that goes forward. He rules from here the rain and the shining herds; a bull, leader of the waters, his help from here is hymn-worthy.

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Word by Word

• महि: greatly; great
• महि: Karma (गुण/परिमाण-निर्देशः)
• Type: Adjective
• Root: महत् (प्रातिपदिक) / मह् (वृद्धौ) (निरुक्त-समर्थन)

• प्सरः: the flowing juice (Soma-stream)
• प्सरः: Kartā
• Type: Noun
• Root: प्सरस् (प्रातिपदिक; ‘रस/धार’ अर्थे, सोम-रसस्य)

• सुकृतम्: well-made; well-prepared
• सुकृतम्: Kartā (विशेषण-रूपेण)
• Type: Adjective
• Root: सु-कृत (प्रातिपदिक; कृ ‘करणे’)

• सोम्यम्: Soma-like; belonging to Soma
• सोम्यम्: Kartā (विशेषण-रूपेण)
• Type: Adjective
• Root: सोम्य (प्रातिपदिक; सोम-सम्बन्धि)

• मधूर्वी: the sweet (honeyed) stream
• मधूर्वी: Kartā
• Type: Noun
• Root: मधुर्वी (प्रातिपदिक; मधु ‘sweet’ + -र्वी)

• गव्यूतिः: the cow-path; track of the cows
• गव्यूतिः: Kartā (सम्बन्ध/उपमा-भावे)
• Type: Noun
• Root: गव्यूति (प्रातिपदिक; गो + व्युति ‘मार्ग/पथ’)

• अदितेः: of Aditi
• अदितेः: Sambandha (षष्ठी-सम्बन्धः)
• Type: Noun
• Root: अदिति (प्रातिपदिक)

• ऋतम्: ṛta; cosmic order/truth
• ऋतम्: Karma (प्राप्य/गम्य-रूपेण)
• Type: Noun
• Root: ऋत (प्रातिपदिक)

• यते: strives; makes effort
• यते: Kriyā
• Type: Verb
• Root: यत् (यत्ने/प्रयत्ने) धातु

• ईशे: rules; has mastery
• ईशे: Kriyā
• Type: Verb
• Root: ईश् (ऐश्वर्ये/ईश्वरे) धातु

• यः: who
• यः: Kartā
• Type: Pronoun
• Root: यद् (सर्वनाम-प्रातिपदिक)

• वृष्टेः: of the rain
• वृष्टेः: Sambandha
• Type: Noun
• Root: वृष्टि (प्रातिपदिक; वृष् ‘वर्षणे’)

• इत्: indeed; just
• इत्: —
• Type: Indeclinable
• Root: इत् (निपात; वैदिक-प्रयोगे ‘एव/हि/खलु’)

• उस्रियः: the ruddy ones; (dawn-)cows
• उस्रियः: Kartā (सह-कर्तृ/अनुचर-भावे)
• Type: Noun
• Root: उस्रिय (प्रातिपदिक; ‘उषस्/गो’ सम्बन्धि; ‘dawns/cows’)

• वृषा: the bull; the mighty one
• वृषा: Kartā
• Type: Noun
• Root: वृषन्/वृष (प्रातिपदिक)

• अपाम्: of the waters
• अपाम्: Sambandha
• Type: Noun
• Root: अप् (प्रातिपदिक; ‘जल’)

• नेता: leader; guide
• नेता: Kartā
• Type: Noun
• Root: नीतृ (प्रातिपदिक; नी ‘नयने’)

• यः: who
• यः: Kartā
• Type: Pronoun
• Root: यद् (सर्वनाम-प्रातिपदिक)

• इत: indeed
• इत: —
• Type: Indeclinable
• Root: इत् (निपात)

• ऊतिः: help; aid
• ऊतिः: Kartā (अभिधेय-रूपेण)
• Type: Noun
• Root: ऊति (प्रातिपदिक; अव्/ऊ ‘रक्षणे/सहाय्ये’)

• ऋग्मियः: praiseworthy with hymns; hymn-worthy
• ऋग्मियः: Kartā (विशेषण-रूपेण)
• Type: Adjective
• Root: ऋग्मिय (प्रातिपदिक; ऋच् ‘ऋक्’ + -मिय ‘स्तुत्य’)