Mantra 4
Sukta 9.14
Devata: Soma Pavamāna
Samhita Patha (Devanagari)
निरिणानो वि धावति जहच्छर्याणि तान्वा । अत्रा सं जिघ्नते युजा ॥
Samhita Patha (IAST)
नि॒रि॒णा॒नो वि धा॑वति॒ जह॒च्छर्या॑णि॒ तान्वा॑ । अत्रा॒ सं जि॑घ्नते यु॒जा ॥
Transliteration
nir iṇānáḥ ví dhāvati jáhac charyā́ṇi tā́nvā | átrā sáṃ jighnate yujā́ ||
Translation
Casting out the impurities he runs forth in many ways, leaving behind the worn-out coverings of the body; here the yoked powers strike together (the obstruction) and win passage.
Padapatha (Word Analysis)
नि॒ऽरि॒णा॒नः । वि । धा॒व॒ति॒ । जह॑त् । शर्या॑णि । तान्वा॑ । अत्र॑ । सम् । जि॒घ्र॒ते॒ । यु॒जा ॥निरिणानः । वि । धावति । जहत् । शर्याणि । तान्वा । अत्र । सम् । जिघ्रते । युजा ॥ni-riṇānaḥ | vi | dhāvati | jahat | śaryāṇi | tānvā | atra | sam | jighrate | yujā
Word by Word
निरिणानःimpelling himself / being set in motion
निरिणानः:
कर्तृ (agent; describing the subject सोमः)
TypeVerb-derived participle (adjectival)
Rootनि + √री (रीणाति/रिणाति ‘to set in motion, impel, drive’) → रिणान (प्र. कृदन्त)
विapart, forth, widely
वि:
क्रियाविशेषण (modifies धावति)
TypeIndeclinable
Rootवि (उपसर्ग/अव्यय)
धावतिrushes / runs / flows
धावति:
मुख्यक्रिया (of the subject)
TypeVerb
Root√धाव् (धावति) ‘to run, rush, flow’
जहत्leaving / abandoning
जहत्:
कर्मविशेषण (qualifies the object छर्याणि)
TypeVerb-derived participle
Root√हा (जहाति) ‘to leave, abandon’ → जहत् (शतृ)
छर्याणिhindrances / impurities
छर्याणि:
कर्म (object of the action ‘leaving’)
TypeNoun
Rootछर्य (प्रातिपदिक; ‘hindrances/impurities’, esp. in Soma context)
तान्वाwith (his) body / by himself
तान्वा:
करण/सहायक-भाव (instrument/means: ‘with/through his body, by himself’)
TypeNoun
Rootतनू (तन्व्) ‘body, self’ (RV form: तन्वा = instr. sg.)
अत्रhere
अत्र:
अधिकरण (locative sense: ‘here’)
TypeIndeclinable
Rootअत्र (अव्यय)
संtogether, completely
सं:
क्रियाविशेषण (modifies जिघ्नते)
TypeIndeclinable
Rootसम्/सं (उपसर्ग/अव्यय)
जिघ्नतेstrikes down / smites
जिघ्नते:
मुख्यक्रिया (of the subject सोमः)
TypeVerb
Root√हन् (हन्ति) ‘to strike, slay’ (reduplicated present: जिघ्न-)
युजाwith the yoke / with the team (i.e., with harnessed power)
युजा:
करण (instrument/means: ‘with the yoke/team/means’)
TypeNoun
Rootयुज् (प्रातिपदिक ‘yoke, team’; also ‘companion/means’) → युजा (instr. sg.)