Rig Veda 8.89.4: Mandala 8, Sukta 89, Mantra 4
Sukta 8.89
Rishi: Gautama (to be confirmed via Anukramaṇī)
Devata: Indra (imperatives addressed to the warrior power; waters as supporting powers)
Chandas: Trishtubh (probable; verify in critical edition)
Samhita Patha (Devanagari)
अभि प्र भर धृषता धृषन्मनः श्रवश्चित्ते असद्बृहत् । अर्षन्त्वापो जवसा वि मातरो हनो वृत्रं जया स्वः ॥
Transliteration
abhí prá bhara dhṛṣatā́ dhṛṣánmanaḥ śrávaś cit te asad bṛhát | árṣantv ā́po jávasā ví mātáro hánō vṛtráṃ jayā́ svàḥ ||
Translation
Bring forward boldly, O daring-minded one; let even your fame become vast. Let the waters rush with speed, the Mothers spread apart—strike Vṛtra down, win the luminous world.
Word by Word
अभिtowards, upon
अभि:
—
TypeIndeclinable
Rootअभि (उपसर्ग/निपात)
प्रforth, forward
प्र:
—
TypeIndeclinable
Rootप्र (उपसर्ग/निपात)
भरbear, bring, carry
भर:
—
TypeVerb
Root√भृ (भरणे)
धृषताwith boldness, boldly
धृषता:
Karaṇa
TypeAdjective
Rootधृषत् (प्रातिपदिक; √धृष ‘धर्षणे/साहसे’)
धृषन्मनःO bold-minded one
धृषन्मनः:
Kartā (सम्बोधन-आधारः)
TypeAdjective
Rootधृषन्मनस् (बहुव्रीहि/कर्मधारय-समास; धृषन् + मनस्)
श्रवःfame, glory
श्रवः:
Kartā
TypeNoun
Rootश्रवस् (प्रातिपदिक)
चित्तेin (your) mind/awareness
चित्ते:
Adhikaraṇa
TypeNoun
Rootचित्त (प्रातिपदिक)
असत्being, becoming
असत्:
Kartā (श्रवः सह समनाधिकरण)
TypeVerb
Root√अस् (असत्तायाम्/भवने) → सत्/असत् (कृदन्त)
बृहत्great, lofty
बृहत्:
Kartā (श्रवः सह समनाधिकरण)
TypeAdjective
Rootबृहन्त् (प्रातिपदिक; √बृह् ‘वृद्धौ’)
अर्षन्तुlet (them) rush/flow
अर्षन्तु:
—
TypeVerb
Root√ऋष्/अर्ष् (गत्यर्थः ‘to flow, rush’)
आपःthe waters
आपः:
Kartā
TypeNoun
Rootआप् (प्रातिपदिक ‘waters’)
जवसाwith speed, by swiftness
जवसा:
Karaṇa
TypeNoun
Rootजवस् (प्रातिपदिक)
विapart, forth, widely
वि:
—
TypeIndeclinable
Rootवि (उपसर्ग/निपात)
मातरःmothers
मातरः:
Kartā
TypeNoun
Rootमातृ (प्रातिपदिक)
हनःstrike, slay
हनः:
—
TypeVerb
Root√हन् (हिंसायाम्)
वृत्रम्Vṛtra (the obstructor)
वृत्रम्:
Karma
TypeNoun
Rootवृत्र (प्रातिपदिक)
जयाconquer, win
जया:
—
TypeVerb
Root√जि (जयने)
स्वःheaven, the heavenly world
स्वः:
Karma
TypeNoun
Rootस्वर्/स्वः (प्रातिपदिक; ‘heaven’)
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