Rig Veda 8.4.8: Mandala 8, Sukta 4, Mantra 8

Sukta 8.4

Rishi: Kaṇva (Kaṇva lineage; Kaṇvāḥ)

Devata: Indra (and Soma as drink implicitly present)

Chandas: Triṣṭubh (probable; needs verification)

Samhita Patha (Devanagari)

सव्यामनु स्फिग्यं वावसे वृषा न दानो अस्य रोषति । मध्वा सम्पृक्ताः सारघेण धेनवस्तूयमेहि द्रवा पिब ॥

Transliteration

savyā́m ánu sphígyam vāvase vṛ́ṣā na dā́no asya roṣati | mádhvā sám-pṛktāḥ sāraghéṇa dhenávas tū́yam éhi dráva píba ||

Translation

Along the left (course) the swelling abundance is set in motion; like a bull, his giving pours forth in a glad surge. The streams (of delight) mixed with honey and essence—O milch-cows of plenitude—come swiftly; run here and drink.

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Word by Word

• सव्याम्: the left (side/direction)
• सव्याम्: Karma
• Type: Adjective
• Root: सव्य (प्रातिपदिक)

• अनु: along, after
• अनु: —
• Type: Indeclinable
• Root: अनु (अव्यय)

• स्फिग्यम्: the hip/flank (part)
• स्फिग्यम्: Karma
• Type: Noun/Adjective
• Root: स्फिग्य (प्रातिपदिक; स्फिग् ‘नितम्ब/कटी’)

• वावसे: for you / to you (O praised one)
• वावसे: Sampradāna
• Type: Verb (finite) / archaic Vedic form
• Root: वा/वव् (धातु; ‘वावस्’ इति स्तुत्यर्थ-नामधातु/धात्वादेशः), अथवा ‘वावस्’ (प्रातिपदिक) + दत्तिविभक्ति

• वृषा: the bull (vigorous one)
• वृषा: Kartā
• Type: Noun
• Root: वृषन् (प्रातिपदिक)

• न: like, as
• न: —
• Type: Indeclinable
• Root: न (अव्यय)

• दानः: the giver, generous one
• दानः: Kartā
• Type: Noun/Adjective
• Root: दान (प्रातिपदिक; ‘दाता/दानशील’)

• अस्य: of him, his
• अस्य: Adhikaraṇa
• Type: Pronoun
• Root: इदम् (सर्वनाम-प्रातिपदिक)

• रोषति: is angry, rages
• रोषति: —
• Type: Verb (finite)
• Root: रुष् (धातु) / रोष् (वैदिक)

• मध्वा: with sweetness / with honey
• मध्वा: Karaṇa
• Type: Noun
• Root: मधु (प्रातिपदिक)

• सम्पृक्ताः: mixed together, blended
• सम्पृक्ताः: Kartā
• Type: Participle
• Root: सम्-√पृच् (धातु) → पृक्त (कृदन्त)

• सारघेण: with the essence/juice (with rich sap)
• सारघेण: Karaṇa
• Type: Noun
• Root: सारघ (प्रातिपदिक; ‘सार’+‘घ’—रस/सार-सम्बद्ध)

• धेनवः: the cows
• धेनवः: Kartā
• Type: Noun
• Root: धेनु (प्रातिपदिक)

• तूयम्: swiftly, quickly
• तूयम्: —
• Type: Indeclinable
• Root: तूयम् (अव्यय)

• एहि: come!
• एहि: —
• Type: Verb (finite)
• Root: इ (धातु)

• द्रव: run/flow!
• द्रव: —
• Type: Verb (finite)
• Root: द्रु/द्रव् (धातु; ‘to run/flow’)

• पिब: drink!
• पिब: —
• Type: Verb (finite)
• Root: पा (धातु ‘to drink’)