Rig Veda 7.77.3: Mandala 7, Sukta 77, Mantra 3

Sukta 7.77

Rishi: Vasiṣṭha

Devata: Uṣas

Chandas: Triṣṭubh (probable; needs verification)

Samhita Patha (Devanagari)

देवानां चक्षुः सुभगा वहन्ती श्वेतं नयन्ती सुदृशीकमश्वम् । उषा अदर्शि रश्मिभिर्व्यक्ता चित्रामघा विश्वमनु प्रभूता ॥

Transliteration

devā́nāṃ cákṣuḥ su-bhágā váhantī śvetáṃ náyantī su-dṛ́śīkam áśvam | uṣā́ adarśi raśmíbhir vyàktā citrā́maghā víśvam ánu prábhūtā ||

Translation

Carrying the eye of the gods, the fortunate Dawn leads the white, fair-seeing steed. Uṣas is seen, her rays clearly spread out; rich in varied gifts, she becomes powerful over all that follows.

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Word by Word

• देवानाम्: of the gods
• देवानाम्: सम्बन्ध (genitive relation)
• Type: Noun
• Root: देव (प्रातिपदिक)

• चक्षुः: eye; sight
• चक्षुः: कर्तृ-समाना अधिकरण/विशेष्य (predicate nominative to उषाः)
• Type: Noun
• Root: चक्षुस् (प्रातिपदिक)

• सुभगा: fortunate; auspicious
• सुभगा: विशेषण (of उषाः)
• Type: Adjective
• Root: सु-भग (प्रातिपदिक)

• वहन्ती: bearing; carrying
• वहन्ती: कर्तृ (agreeing with उषाः)
• Type: Verb (present participle)
• Root: वह् (धातु)

• श्वेतम्: white
• श्वेतम्: कर्म (of नयन्ती)
• Type: Adjective
• Root: श्वेत (प्रातिपदिक)

• नयन्ती: leading; bringing
• नयन्ती: कर्तृ (agreeing with उषाः)
• Type: Verb (present participle)
• Root: नी (धातु)

• सुदृशीकम्: fair-looking; beautiful to behold
• सुदृशीकम्: कर्म (of नयन्ती; qualifying अश्वम्)
• Type: Adjective
• Root: सु-दृशीक (प्रातिपदिक; from दृश् ‘to see’ with -īka)

• अश्वम्: horse
• अश्वम्: कर्म (of नयन्ती)
• Type: Noun
• Root: अश्व (प्रातिपदिक)

• उषाः: Uṣas; Dawn
• उषाः: कर्तृ
• Type: Noun
• Root: उषस् (प्रातिपदिक)

• अदर्शि: has appeared; was seen
• अदर्शि: क्रिया (मुख्य क्रिया)
• Type: Verb
• Root: दृश् (धातु)

• रश्मिभिः: with rays
• रश्मिभिः: करण
• Type: Noun
• Root: रश्मि (प्रातिपदिक)

• व्यक्ता: manifest; clearly distinguished
• व्यक्ता: विशेषण/भाव (of उषाः: ‘made manifest’)
• Type: Adjective (past passive participle used predicatively)
• Root: वि-√अञ्ज् / √अञ्ज् (धातु) → व्यक्त (ppp as adjective)

• चित्रामघा: of bright bounty; richly splendid
• चित्रामघा: विशेषण (of उषाः)
• Type: Adjective (epithet)
• Root: चित्र-मघ (प्रातिपदिक; बहुव्रीहि/कर्मधारय: ‘having splendid bounty’)

• विश्वम्: all; the whole (world)
• विश्वम्: कर्म (of प्रभूता, ‘over all’)
• Type: Adjective/Substantive
• Root: विश्व (प्रातिपदिक)

• अनु: along; after; following
• अनु: क्रियाविशेषण (direction/sequence: ‘along, after, through’)
• Type: Indeclinable
• Root: अनु

• प्रभूता: mighty; abundant; prevailing
• प्रभूता: विशेषण/भाव (of उषाः: ‘become powerful/abundant’)
• Type: Adjective (past passive participle used predicatively)
• Root: प्र-√भू (धातु) → प्रभूत (ppp)