Rig Veda 7.42.2: Mandala 7, Sukta 42, Mantra 2

Sukta 7.42

Rishi: Vasiṣṭha (Vāsiṣṭha family, Mandala 7)

Devata: Agni (with Soma-pressing context; gods’ manifestations invoked through Agni)

Chandas: Triṣṭubh (probable; requires metrical scan for certainty)

Samhita Patha (Devanagari)

सुगस्ते अग्ने सनवित्तो अध्वा युक्ष्वा सुते हरितो रोहितश्च । ये वा सद्मन्नरुषा वीरवाहो हुवे देवानां जनिमानि सत्तः ॥

Sanskrit recitationRig Veda 7.42.2

Transliteration

sugás te agne sánavitto ádhvā yukṣvā suté hárito róhitaś ca | yé vā sádmann aruṣā́ vīravā́ho huv́e devā́nāṃ jánimāni sattáḥ ||

Translation

Fair is your path, O Agni, the way that wins the treasure. Yoke, at the pressing, the tawny and the ruddy powers. Whether those ruddy ones are in the home, bearers of heroic force—I call, as one seated in the rite, the births and manifestations of the gods.

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Word by Word

• सु॒गः: easy (to go), good
• सु॒गः: Adhikaraṇa
• Type: Adjective
• Root: सु-ग (प्रातिपदिक: सुग) < गम्/ग॑म् (गमन)

• ते: for you / your
• ते: Sampradāna
• Type: Pronoun
• Root: युष्मद् (सर्वनाम)

• अग्ने: O Agni
• अग्ने: Sampradāna
• Type: Noun
• Root: अग्नि (प्रातिपदिक)

• सनवित्तः: well-won / well-found
• सनवित्तः: Adhikaraṇa
• Type: Adjective
• Root: √सन्/सन् (to win, obtain) + √विद् (to find/know) → कृत्-समास/बहुव्रीहि-भावः (प्रातिपदिक: सनवित्त)

• अध्वा: path, course
• अध्वा: Adhikaraṇa
• Type: Noun
• Root: अध्वन् (प्रातिपदिक)

• युक्ष्व: yoke! harness!
• युक्ष्व: Kriyā
• Type: Verb
• Root: √युज् (युजँ)

• सुते: in the pressed Soma
• सुते: Adhikaraṇa
• Type: Noun/Adjective
• Root: √सु (to press Soma) → सुत (कृदन्त/भूतकृत)

• हरितः: the tawny (mares)
• हरितः: Karma
• Type: Noun
• Root: हरित् (प्रातिपदिक)

• रोहितः: the ruddy (ones/steeds)
• रोहितः: Karma
• Type: Noun
• Root: रोहित (प्रातिपदिक)

• च: and
• च: —
• Type: Indeclinable
• Root: च (निपात)

• ये: who
• ये: Kartā
• Type: Pronoun
• Root: यद् (सर्वनाम)

• वा: or / indeed
• वा: —
• Type: Indeclinable
• Root: वा (निपात)

• सद्मन्: in the seat/dwelling
• सद्मन्: Adhikaraṇa
• Type: Noun
• Root: सद्मन् (प्रातिपदिक)

• अरुषाः: ruddy, bright
• अरुषाः: Kartā
• Type: Adjective
• Root: अरुष (प्रातिपदिक)

• वीरवाहः: bearing heroes / bringing men
• वीरवाहः: Kartā
• Type: Adjective
• Root: वीर-वाह (समास; प्रातिपदिक: वीरवाह) < वह् (to carry)

• हुवे: I invoke
• हुवे: Kriyā
• Type: Verb
• Root: √हू (ह्वे/हूयते; to call, invoke)

• देवानाम्: of the gods
• देवानाम्: Sambandha
• Type: Noun
• Root: देव (प्रातिपदिक)

• जनिमानि: births, origins
• जनिमानि: Karma
• Type: Noun
• Root: जनिमन् (प्रातिपदिक; ‘birth, origin’)

• सत्तः: seated / being present
• सत्तः: Kartā
• Type: Adjective/Participle
• Root: √सद् (to sit) → सत्त (PPP) / ‘seated, present’