Rig Veda 5.76.3: Mandala 5, Sukta 76, Mantra 3

Sukta 5.76

Rishi: Atri (Ātreya) tradition (probable)

Devata: Aśvinau

Chandas: Jagatī (probable; needs confirmation)

Samhita Patha (Devanagari)

उता यातं संगवे प्रातरह्नो मध्यंदिन उदिता सूर्यस्य । दिवा नक्तमवसा शंतमेन नेदानीं पीतिरश्विना ततान ॥

Transliteration

utā́ yātaṃ saṃgávé prā́tar áhnó madhyáṃdina ut-itā́ sū́ryasya | divā́ náktam ávasā śáṃ-tamena nédānīṃ pītír aśvinā́ tatāna ||

Translation

Come also at the union-times—at the morning of the day, at midday when the Sun stands uplifted. By day and by night, with your most peace-giving help: let not the draught of delight fail now, O Ashvins, but be spread out for us.

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Word by Word

• उता: and also
• उता: —
• Type: Indeclinable
• Root: उ (उत) अव्यय-प्रातिपदिक

• यातम्: come (you two)
• यातम्: Kartā (implied: अश्विनौ)
• Type: Verb
• Root: या (गत्यर्थे) धातु

• संगवे: at the saṅgava (morning milking-time)
• संगवे: Adhikaraṇa (time)
• Type: Noun
• Root: संगव (प्रातिपदिक) < सम् + गव (गो) / ‘cattle-gathering, milking-time’

• प्रातरह्नः: in the morning
• प्रातरह्नः: Adhikaraṇa (time)
• Type: Noun (compound) / Adverbial
• Root: प्रातर् (अव्यय/प्रातिपदिक) + अहन् (प्रातिपदिक) → प्रातरह्न (समास)

• मध्यम्दिन: at midday
• मध्यम्दिन: Adhikaraṇa (time)
• Type: Noun (compound)
• Root: मध्य (प्रातिपदिक) + दिन (प्रातिपदिक) → मध्यम्दिन (समास)

• उदिता: having risen / risen
• उदिता: — (qualifier)
• Type: Participle / Adjective
• Root: उद् + इ (गत्यर्थे) → उदित (कृदन्त-प्रातिपदिक)

• सूर्यस्य: of the Sun
• सूर्यस्य: सम्बन्ध (genitive) / Adhikaraṇa-specifier
• Type: Noun
• Root: सूर्य (प्रातिपदिक)

• दिवा: by day
• दिवा: Adhikaraṇa (time)
• Type: Indeclinable (temporal) / Noun-form used adverbially
• Root: दिव्/द्यौ (प्रातिपदिक) → दिवा (अव्ययीभाव-प्रयोग)

• नक्तम्: by night
• नक्तम्: Adhikaraṇa (time)
• Type: Indeclinable (temporal) / Noun-form used adverbially
• Root: नक्त (प्रातिपदिक)

• अवसा: with help / by protection
• अवसा: Karaṇa
• Type: Noun
• Root: अवस् (प्रातिपदिक) ‘help, protection’

• शंतमेन: with the most beneficent
• शंतमेन: Karaṇa (qualifier)
• Type: Adjective
• Root: शंतम (प्रातिपदिक) < शम् ‘well-being’ + तमप् (superlative)

• न: not
• न: —
• Type: Indeclinable
• Root: न (निषेध-अव्यय)

• इदानीम्: now
• इदानीम्: Adhikaraṇa (time)
• Type: Indeclinable
• Root: इदानीम् (कालवाचक-अव्यय)

• पीतिः: the draught / drinking
• पीतिः: Kartā (of ततान) / or subject-noun
• Type: Noun
• Root: पीति (प्रातिपदिक) < पा (पाने) धातोः भाव/कृदन्त-निर्माणः; ‘drinking, draught’

• अश्विनोः: of the Aśvins
• अश्विनोः: सम्बन्ध (genitive)
• Type: Noun (proper)
• Root: अश्विन् (प्रातिपदिक) (dual deity-name)

• ततान: has spread / has extended
• ततान: Kriyā (predicate); Kartā = पीतिः
• Type: Verb
• Root: तन् (विस्तारणे) धातु