Rig Veda 5.74.4: Mandala 5, Sukta 74, Mantra 4
Sukta 5.74
Rishi: Atri
Devata: Aśvinau
Chandas: Triṣṭubh (probable)
Samhita Patha (Devanagari)
पौरं चिद्ध्युदप्रुतं पौर पौराय जिन्वथः । यदीं गृभीततातये सिंहमिव द्रुहस्पदे ॥
Transliteration
pauráṃ cíd dhy udaprútam paura paurā́ya jínvathaḥ | yád īṃ gṛbhītá-tātaye siṃhám iva drúhaḥ padé ||
Translation
Even one who is of the city (bound to the common outer life), though sunk in the flood, you strengthen for his fellow-citizen. When he is seized for hostile assault, you free him like a lion from the footing of the deceiver.
Word by Word
पौरम्city-born; belonging to the town
पौरम्:
Karma
TypeAdjective
Rootपौर (प्रातिपदिक; < पुर ‘नगर’)
चित्even; indeed
चित्:
—
TypeIndeclinable
Rootचित् (अव्यय/निपात)
हिfor; indeed
हि:
—
TypeIndeclinable
Rootहि (अव्यय/निपात)
उदप्रुतम्overflowing; surging up (with water/strength)
उदप्रुतम्:
Karma
TypeAdjective (past participial) / Kṛdanta
Rootउद-प्रुत (कृदन्त/विशेषण; प्रुत < √प्लु/√प्लव् ‘प्लवने/प्रवहणे’)
पौरO townsman; O citizen
पौर:
—
TypeNoun (vocative) / Adjective used substantively
Rootपौर (प्रातिपदिक; < पुर)
पौरायfor the townsman; to the citizen
पौराय:
Sampradāna
TypeNoun
Rootपौर (प्रातिपदिक)
जिन्वथःyou two quicken; you two invigorate
जिन्वथः:
—
TypeVerb
Root√जिव्/√जिन्व् (जिन्वति ‘प्रेरणे/तर्पणे/वर्धने’)
यत्when; since
यत्:
—
TypeIndeclinable (relative) / Pronoun stem
Rootयद् (सम्बन्ध-प्रत्यय)
ईम्him; it
ईम्:
Karma
TypeIndeclinable
Rootईम् (अव्यय; एनम्/इमम्-प्रयोगः)
गृभीततातयेfor the state/act of being seized; for capture
गृभीततातये:
Sampradāna
TypeNoun (compound)
Rootगृभीत-ताति (कृदन्त+सुबन्त; गृभीत < √ग्रह् ‘ग्रहणे’; ताति ‘विस्तार/प्रवृत्ति/अवस्था’)
सिंहम्a lion
सिंहम्:
Karma
TypeNoun
Rootसिंह (प्रातिपदिक)
इवlike; as
इव:
—
TypeIndeclinable
Rootइव (अव्यय)
द्रुहःof the hostile one; of the injurer
द्रुहः:
Adhikaraṇa (सम्बन्धेन)
TypeNoun
Rootद्रुह् (प्रातिपदिक; < √द्रुह् ‘द्रोहे’)
पदेin/at the place; at the footing
पदे:
Adhikaraṇa
TypeNoun
Rootपद (प्रातिपदिक)
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