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Mantra 4

Sukta 5.50

Rishi: Atri (Ātreya)
Devata: Agni/Vahni as carrier; with the guiding deity’s effective field implied
Chandas: Requires verification

यत्र वह्निरभिहितो दुद्रवद्द्रोण्यः पशुः । नृमणा वीरपस्त्योऽर्णा धीरेव सनिता ॥

यत्र॒ वह्नि॑र॒भिहि॑तो दु॒द्रव॒द्द्रोण्य॑: प॒शुः । नृ॒मणा॑ वी॒रप॒स्त्योऽर्णा॒ धीरे॑व॒ सनि॑ता ॥

yátra váhnir abhíhito dudrávad droṇyàḥ paśúḥ | nṛmánā vīrápastyó 'rṇā́ dhī́revá sánitā ||

Where the bearer of the offering, once set in front, runs swiftly like a creature of the trough; there the force that thinks in man and works heroically wins the streams, like a steady mind that knows how to gain.

यत्र॑ । वह्निः॑ । अ॒भिऽहि॑तः । दु॒द्रव॑त् । द्रोण्यः॑ । प॒शुः । नृ॒ऽमनाः॑ । वी॒रऽप॑स्त्यः । अर्णाः॑ । धीरा॑ऽइव । सनि॑ता ॥यत्र । वह्निः । अभिहितः । दुद्रवत् । द्रोण्यः । पशुः । नृमनाः । वीरपस्त्यः । अर्णाः । धीराइव । सनिता ॥yatra | vahniḥ | abhi-hitaḥ | dudravat | droṇyaḥ | paśuḥ | nṛ-manāḥ | vīra-pastyaḥ | arṇāḥ | dhīrāiva | sanitā

यत्रwhere
यत्र:
Adhikaraṇa
TypeIndeclinable
Rootयत्र (avyaya-prātipadika)
वह्निःthe fire / the bearer (Agni)
वह्निः:
Kartā
TypeNoun
Rootवह्नि- (prātipadika)
अभिहितःhaving been invoked/placed (upon), addressed
अभिहितः:
Kartā (as predicate to वह्निः)
TypeParticiple
Root√धा (धातु) with अभि-; kta (past passive participle)
दुद्रवत्ran forth / sped
दुद्रवत्:
Kartā (वह्निः as subject)
TypeVerb
Root√द्रु (धातु) ; reduplicated imperfect/aoristic injunctive-type form
द्रोण्याःof/from the trough (wooden vessel)
द्रोण्याः:
Apādāna (source: ‘from the trough’)
TypeNoun
Rootद्रोणी- (prātipadika)
पशुःa beast (metaphorically)
पशुः:
Kartā (apposition to वह्निः, metaphor)
TypeNoun
Rootपशु- (prātipadika)
नृमणाःof manly spirit
नृमणाः:
Kartā (adjectival to implied subject, or apposition)
TypeAdjective
Rootनृमण- (prātipadika; ‘manly-minded/with manly spirit’)
वीरपस्त्यःhaving heroic followers/household
वीरपस्त्यः:
Kartā (adjectival to implied subject)
TypeAdjective
Rootवीरपस्त्य- (prātipadika; ‘having heroes as household/retinue’)
अर्णाःa flood / surge
अर्णाः:
Kartā (as a predicative/appositional image)
TypeNoun
Rootअर्ण- (prātipadika; ‘flood, wave, surge’)
धीरेवlike a wise man
धीरेव:
Kartā (simile marker)
TypeAdjective + Indeclinable
Rootधीरा- (prātipadika) + इव (avyaya)
सनिताwinner / gainer
सनिता:
Kartā
TypeNoun (agent) / Participle-like
Root√सन्/√सनी (धातु ‘to win, gain’) ; agent noun in -तृ/-ता (Vedic)